ix
Tables
1.1 Characteristics of pragmatic markers page 9
3.1 The development of while (Traugott) 77
4.1 Earliest conjunctive and prepositional uses of {except,
save, but} only (that) in the MED and OED 105
4.2 The development of but 111
4.3 The development of only 112
5.1 First- person epistemic parentheticals in Middle English 140
5.2 Sentential position of first- person epistemic parentheticals in
The Canterbury tales and Troilus and Criseyde 146
5.3 Distribution of first- person epistemic parentheticals
in narrative and in discourse in The Canterbury tales and
Troilus and Criseyde 147
5.4 Contexts of occurrence for first- person epistemic
parentheticals in Chaucer 152
5.5 Personal know- erbs in Chaucer v 158
5.6 Impersonal know- erbs in Chaucer v 159
6.1 I admit and you admit in the BYU- BNC and COCA 172
6.2 Parenthetical I admit/ I (modal) admit in the BYU- BNC
and COCA 172
6.3 Parenthetical you admit/ you (modal) admit in
the BYU- BNC and COCA 173
6.4 Admittedly in the BYU- BNC and COCA 175
6.5 The first occurrences of performative I (modal) admit with
clausal complements 180
6.6 The first occurrences of you (modal) admit with
clausal complements 181
6.7 Parenthetical uses of admit with first- and second- person subjects 182
6.8 The first occurrences of it be/ (modal) be admitted (that) S 186
7.1 Frequency of “that said” in COCA and the BYU- BNC 195
7.2 Dating of the “that said” construction in historical corpora 202
7.3 Instances of sentence- final (I’m) just sayin(g) in the SOAP corpus 210