William Ashworth, “Natural History and the Emblematic World View,” in Reap-
praisals of the Scientifi c Revolution, ed. David Lindberg and Robert Westman (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1990).
Grew, preface to Musaeum Regalis Societatis. Cf. Ray and Willughby, preface
to The Ornithology of Francis Willughby; William Wotton, Refl ections upon Ancient and
Modern Learning, 2nd ed. (London, 1697), 258.
See Peter Harrison, The Bible, Protestantism, and the Rise of Natural Science (Cam-
bridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 1–4, 161–84 passim.
John Gerard, The Herball or Generall Historie of Plantes, rev. and enlarged ed.
(London, 1633), dedication. Cf. Levinus Lemnius, An Herbal for the Bible (London,
1587), 1; Wotton, Refl ections upon Ancient and Modern Learning, 257–58.
Anthony Grafton, “The Availability of Ancient Texts,” in The Cambridge History
of Renaissance Philosophy, ed. Charles Schmitt and Quentin Skinner (Cambridge: Cam-
bridge University Press, 1988), 767–91.
St. Bredwell, “To the Reader,” in Gerard, The Herball or Generall Historie of
Plantes.
John Tradescant, Musaeum Tradescantianum (London, 1656).
Topsell, The Historie of Foure- footed Beastes, epistle dedicatory.
Bacon, Advancement of Learning, Bk I, vi, 6 (p. 38).
Sprat, History of the Royal Society, 349–50. Cf. John Parkinson, Paradisi in Sole
(London, 1629), epistle to the reader.
Bacon, Valerius Terminus, in The Works of Francis Bacon, 3:222. Cf. Grew, preface
to Musaeum Regalis Societatis.
Lisbet Koerner, “Carl Linnaeus in His Time and Place,” in Jardine, Secord, and
Spary, Cultures of Natural History, 157.
Cunningham, “The Culture of Gardens,” in Jardine, Secord, and Spary, Cultures
of Natural History, 49.
John Brooke, Science and Religion: Some Historical Perpectives (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1991), 232; Koerner, “Carl Linnaeus in His Time and
Place,” 156.
John Prest, The Garden of Eden: The Botanic Garden and the Re- creation of Paradise
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1981), 23.
Walter Charleton, Exercitationes de Differentiis & Nominibus Animalium (Oxo-
niae, 1677), sig. d2v; John Rowland, epistle dedicatory to Edward Topsell, The History of
Four- footed Beasts and Serpents (London, 1658).
Jim Bennett and Scott Mandelbrote, The Garden, the Ark, the Tower, the Temple
(Oxford: Museum of the History of Science, 1998); Carla Yanni, Nature’s Museums: Vic-
torian Science and the Architecture of Display (London: Athlone, 1999), 15–17.
In Topsell, The Historie of Foure- footed Beastes, sigs. 2r–3r.
[Christopher Merrett?], The Character of a Compleat Physician, or Naturalist
(London, 1680), 2–3; quoted in Harold J. Cook, “Physicians and Natural History,” in
Jardine, Secord, and Spary, Cultures of Natural History, 92.
Franz, The History of Brutes, 1–3, cf. 53f. This was the view of church father
St. Augustine, On Christian Doctrine, II.xxxix.59.
