Wrestling with Nature From Omens to Science

Science and Place 399

of a Field Science, ed. A. Gupta and J. Ferguson (Berkeley: University of California Press,
1998); George W. Stocking Jr, After Tylor: British Social Anthropology 1888–1951 (Madi-
son: University of Wisconsin Press, 1995).

37. George W. Stocking Jr., “The Ethnographer’s Magic: Fieldwork in British
    Anthropology from Tylor to Malinowski,” in Observers Observed: Essays on Ethnographic
    Fieldwork, ed. George W. Stocking Jr. (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983),
    1:70–120.


38. See Oliver Impey and Arthur MacGregor, eds., The Origins of Museums: The
    Cabinet of Curiosities in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth- Century Europe (Oxford: Clarendon
    Press, 1985); Lorraine J. Daston, “Marvellous Facts and Miraculous Evidence in Early
    Modern Europe,” Critical Inquiry 18 (1991): 93–124; Paula Findlen, Possessing Nature:
    Museums, Collecting, and Scientifi c Culture in Early Modern Italy (Berkeley: University of
    California Press, 1994).


39. See especially Francis Bacon, Novum Organum, Bk 2, §§21–52 in The Works of
    Francis Bacon, ed. James Spedding, Robert Ellis, and Douglas Heath (London: Longman,
    1857–74), 4: 141–248.


40. See the discussion in Ronald Rainger, An Agenda for Antiquity: Henry Fairfi eld
    Osborn and Vertebrate Paleontology at the American Museum of Natural History, 1890–1935
    (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1991).


41. Phillips Verner Bradford and Harvey Blume, Ota: The Pygmy in the Zoo (New
    York: St. Martin’s Press, 1992). For a comparable case, see Felix Driver, “Making Rep-
    resentations: From an African Exhibition to the High Court of Justice,” in Geography
    Militant: Cultures of Exploration and Empire (Oxford: Blackwell, 2001), 146–69.


42. Herman Reichenbach, “A Tale of Two Zoos: The Hamburg Zoological Garden
    and Carl Hagenbeck’s Tierpark,” in New World, New Animals: From Menagerie to Zoologi-
    cal Park in the Nineteenth Century, ed. R.J. Hoage and William A. Deiss (Baltimore, MD:
    The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996).


43. Michael A. Osborne, Nature, the Exotic, and the Science of French Colonialism
    (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994).


44. See John Prest, The Garden of Eden: The Botanic Garden and the Re- Creation of
    Paradise (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1981); Andrew Cunningham, “The
    Culture of Gardens” in Jardine, Secord, and Spary, Cultures of Natural History, 38–56.


45. Ray Desmond, Kew: The History of the Royal Botanic Gardens (London: Harvill
    Press, 1995). For the role of Kew Gardens in the “Banksian empire,” see the essays in
    David Philip Miller and Peter Hanns Reill, eds., Visions of Empire: Voyages, Botany, and
    Representations of Nature (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).


46. Owen Gingerich, “The Censorship of Copernicus’s De Revolutionibus,” in The
    Eye of Heaven: Ptolemy, Copernicus, Kepler (New York: American Institute of Physics,
    1993), 269–85.


47. See, e.g., Ronald L. Numbers and John Stenhouse, eds., Disseminating Darwin-
    ism: The Role of Place, Race, Religion, and Gender (New York: Cambridge University Press,
    1999).


48. See David N. Livingstone, “Situating Evangelical Reponses to Darwin,” in
    Evangelicals and Science in Historical Perspective, ed. David N. Livingstone, D.G. Hart and
    Mark A. Noll (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 193–219.


49. See the discussion in Lester D. Stephens, Science, Race, and Religion in the Ameri-