Index 407book of nature, 123, 126, 127, 129, 139,
254
Borda, Charles, 187, 188
Boscovich, Roger, 181, 191, 192
Bossut, Charles, 187, 188, 192
botany, 122, 141, 204, 205, 212, 342, 348,
357, 358, 383
Boulton, Matthew, 174, 190
Bowditch, Henry P., 210
Boyle, Robert, 129, 134, 157, 384
Bradwardine, Thomas, 98
Brahe, Tycho, 195
Brewer, Ebenezer, 357
Brewster, David, 312
Bridgman, Percy, 328
Bridgewater Treatises, 130, 139
Brightwen, Eliza, 358
Brinton, Daniel Garrison, 287
British Association for the Advancement of
Science, 207, 282, 288, 317, 337, 338,
339, 341, 342, 387
Brockliss, Laurence, 205
Broman, Thomas, 315
Brougham, Henry, 355
Brown- Séquard, Charles- Édouard, 216
Brown, William Adams, 262
Bryan, Margaret, 175, 189
Bryan, William Jennings, 266, 324
Buckley, Arabella, 358, 359
Buffon, comte de, Georges- Louis Leclerc,
136–37, 138, 163–64, 390
Burgess, George, 238
Buridan, John, 100, 103
Burnet, Thomas, 135
Burton, Richard, 386
Bushnell, Horace, 318
Bush, Vannevar, 235, 236
Busk, George, 345
Cabot, Richard, 211
calendar reform, 85, 87, 185, 195
Cameralwissenschaft, 192–93
Campbell, George, 282, 290–91
Candlish, James S., 258
Cardano, Girolamo, 121, 124
Carnot, Sadi, 188
Carty, John, 231, 233
Casanova, Jacques, 185, 186, 192
Catholicism. See Roman Catholicism
Cato the Elder, 85
causation, 43, 44, 54, 52, 55, 68, 69, 74–77,
93, 99, 104, 155, 158–61, 163, 166,
354; and God, 63, 64–65, 72, 77; and
nature, 61, 63; and scientifi c explana-
tion, 48, 89, 96, 133, 152, 157, 158–62,
164, 165, 213, 255, 262, 345. See also
occasionalism
causes: divine, 46, 64; effi cient, 63, 64–65,
72, 77, 160; elemental, 44; fi nal, 64–65,
72, 77, 160; fi rst, 45, 54, 87; formal, 65,
152, 160; material, 65, 68, 152, 160,
271; of motion, 53, 54, 60, 64; occult,
159, 160
Chamberlin, A. H., 237
Chambers, Ephraim, 133
Chambers, Robert, 139, 141, 355–56, 357,
363, 393
Chauliac, Guy de, 203
chemistry, 176, 185, 187, 190, 194, 195, 208,
210, 232, 247, 285, 342; and alchemy,
5, 288; and natural theology, 341–42;
relation to medicine, 205; relation to
natural philosophy, 177–78, 192
chiropractic, 213–14, 294
Christianity, 214; and naturalism, 350–51,
353, 357, 367, 369; patristic, 86, 87; and
science, 254–58, 260–62, 264–72, 317,
339; theology, 98, 104, 105. See also
theology
Christian Science, 213, 214, 287
Cicero, 85
Clarke, Samuel, 176
Clark, William, 383
Clavius, Christoph, 151, 152
Clerke, Agnes, 358
Clifford, William Kingdon, 344, 345
Compton, Karl, 235
Comte, Auguste, 206, 317, 349
Condemnation of 1277, 92, 93, 103
Condon, Edward, 283, 296, 326, 327
Constantine the African, 88
Conway, Anne, 137
Cook, James, 383
Copernicus, Nicolaus, 150, 153, 391
corpuscularism, 103, 158, 178. See also
atomism
cosmogony, 24
cosmology, 184; Babylonian, 12, 26; Greek,
41–44, 53–54
cosmos: eternity of, 43; fi nite, 43, 44; infi n-
ity of, 44; sphericity of, 41–44
Cotes, Roger, 159–60
Coulomb, Charles- Augustin de, 179, 187
creationism, 142, 270–71, 295, 298, 299,
300, 324, 326. See also under evolution
Crick, Francis, 271