sp.,Collimonas pratensisandSerratia plymuthicadid not affectP.fluorescens
growth. Moreover, the specific volatiles produced byC. pratensiswere methyl
salicylate, methyl 2-methylbutanoate, methyl 3-methylbutanoate,2-methyl propa-
nal, 3-methyl 2-pentanoene, 3-methyl 2-heptanone, 3-hexanone, 4-methyl
3-penten-2-one, ethenyl acetate, myrcene, and terpinene. Similarly, the specific
volatiles produced byS. plymuthicawere chlorobenzene, dimethylsulfone, ethyl
butanoate, 2-pentadecanone, 2-octanone, 1H-pyrrole, and 5-dodecanone (Garbeva
et al. 2014 ).
Many workers demonstrated the inhibitory effect of twoPseudoalteromonas
strains on the growth ofBurkholderia cepaciacomplex (Bcc) strains through the
synthesis of Methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran, indole and its derivatives,
quinolones and (S)-3-hydroxytridecan-4-one volatile organic compound (Papaleo
et al. 2013 ; Orlandini et al. 2014 ; Kanchiswamy et al. 2015 ). Similarly,
Dandurishvili et al. ( 2011 ) examined that some strains ofP.fluorescensandS.
plymuthicainhibited the growth ofAgrobacterium tumefaciensandA. vitisstrains
in vitro. The tomato treated withS. plymuthicaproduced DMDS that strongly
suppressedAgrobacteriumgrowth and might be involved in suppression of onco-
genicity in plants.
11.5.3 MVOCs in Bacterial–Fungal Interactions
A number of rhizobacterial species such as P. fluorescens, P. trivialis,
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,S. rhizophila,Serratia plymuthica,andS. odorifera
are known to synthesize and emit complex blends of volatile organic compound
that inhibit growth of many phytopathogenic as well as non-phytopathogenic fungi
(Kai et al. 2010 ). Pyrrolnitrin (PRN) is a chlorinated phenylpyrrol antibiotic from
Burkholderia pyrrocinia,Pseudomonassp.,Enterobactersp.,Myxococcussp., and
Serratiasp. (Garbeva et al. 2004 ). This compound has shown broad spectrum
activity against a wide range of fungi belonging to the ascomycota, basidiomycota,
and deuteromycota, including several economically important phytopathogens such
asSclerotinia sclerotiorum,Botrytis cinerea,Rhizoctonia solani,andVerticillium
dahliae.The stem rot ofEuphorbia pulcherrimais caused byRhizoctonia solani
and also suppressed byB. cepaciastrain 5.5B mediated PRN (Hwang et al. 2002 ).
MVOCs emitted byS. rhizophilaP69,S. maltophiliaR3089,S. plymuthica
3Re4-18,S. plymuthicaHRO-C48,S. odorifera4Rx13,P. trivialis3Re2-7, and
Bacillus subtilisB2g had exerted a strong negative impact on the mycelial growth
of soilborne phytopathogenic fungusR. solani(Kai et al. 2007 ). Also, the volatile
O-anisaldehyde emitted byBacillus atrophaeusCAB-1 exerts the highest inhibition
on the mycelial growth of the fungal pathogenBotrytis cinerea(Zhang et al. 2013 ).
Growth inhibition of phytopathogen is also dependent on the varying concentration
of volatile produced by different microbes. The high concentration of
volatile-mediated growth inhibition ofR. solaniand Alternaria alternatawas
observed with 2-undecanone, DMDS, dimethyl trisulfide, S-methyl
11 Harnessing Endophytic Microbial Volatile Organic Compound... 245