cultures grown in bioreactors. This scale up technology of growing cells at large
scale up to 75,000 l has been established and methods of isolation and identification
as well as downstream processing of secondary metabolites has been developed for
many products. Thus technology is available for industrial-scale production of
secondary metabolites of interest andfinding a compound of interest from endo-
phytes can leads to its industrial production quickly (Goyal et al. 2015 , 2017 ). In
many cases, precursors from plants are converted tofinal product by endophyte.
The complex relationship between endophyte and its host thus is evaluated care-
fully to establish the biosynthetic process of secondary metabolites. The research
work on endophytes applications and use of new technology along with develop-
ment of industrial level production system is summarized in Fig.13.1.
Modern tools and techniques of molecular biology including metagenomes,
proteomes and transcriptomes will help in defining characteristics of endophytes
andfinding novel products for development of industrial products. Generally plant
breeding is carried out to develop resistant plants with focus on its pathogen. Once
endophytes and their relationship are established, plant breeder can take in account
the endophyte of the host for breeding for pathogen resistance. This will enable
better crop plants from health and productivity point of view.
It is evident from the literature surveys presented in the chapters that future of
endophytes research is bright as demand for pharmaceutical products and agricul-
tural produce is increasing day by day with ever-increasing population. Use of
Fig. 13.1 Schematic presentation of summary of research on endophytes applications and use of
new technology along for the development of industrial level production system. Scale up
technology for the production of useful metabolites from plant cells is already standardized and
can effectively used for the production of metabolites from endophytes
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