Papaya Biology, Cultivation, Production and Uses

Pests and Birds 101 infestations; the leaves fall prematurely, fruit production is affected and their secre- tions promote the g ...

102 Papaya several species of aphids in a non-persistent manner. This transmission is generally characterised by a short acquisi ...

Pests and Birds 103 lecanii, which causes up to 90% mortality during summer. There are two small parasitic wasps, for example, C ...

104 Papaya miticides (Goka 1998). The number of miticides that can be used is further limited because many miticides produce una ...

Pests and Birds 105 Root-knot nematodes are one of the most important nematodes associated with papaya (Coveness 1967). 9.8.1 Ro ...

106 Papaya deleterious effect on plant nematode populations. Control that is economically feasible has been obtained by using 1, ...

Pests and Birds 107 colonies. They may also act as vectors for mealy bugs, fungus, etc. Their infestation can be kept to minimum ...

108 Papaya intensity and types of scare devices to improve their effectiveness. Supplement frightening techniques with shotguns, ...

Pests and Birds 109 output, production of many seeds and low construction cost of hollow stems, petioles and fruits production d ...

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111 10 Diseases The diseases of papaya include those caused by viruses and fungi. Papaya grow- ing areas have to combat a number ...

112 Papaya 10.1.1 Symptoms The earliest symptoms on papaya are yellowing and vein-clearing of the young leaves. In papaya, leave ...

Diseases 113 10.1.2 Management Papaya is not a preferred host of the PRSV vectors and aphids. Disease management by controlling ...

114 Papaya Rainbow. SunUp is a transgenic version of its red-fleshed, progenitor cultivar, Sunset and is homozygous for the coat ...

Diseases 115 the petioles are twisted. In severe cases, complete defoliation of the affected plant is observed. The affected pla ...

116 Papaya preventing water logging of the soil may control the disease. Soil fumigation is necessary before replanting papaya i ...

Diseases 117 10.6 Powdery Mildew This disease is caused by Oidium caricae (imperfect state, Erysiphe cruciferarum) often affects ...

118 Papaya mildew in papaya is promoted at high humidity (80%–85%) and a temperature range of 24–26°C. Infection is first appare ...

Diseases 119 10.7.1 Management Nursery bed should be treated with formaldehyde (10%) before sowing. Well-drained soil should be ...

120 Papaya 10.9 Anthracnose Anthracnose is the most serious disease affecting the ripened fruit caused by Colletotrichum gloeosp ...