100 MHR • Unit 1 Metabolic Processes
REVIEW
UNIT 1
Multiple Choice
In your notebook, write the letter of the best
answer for each of the following questions.
1.Most materials dissolve in water because
(a)water is a small molecule
(b)hydrophobic bonds form
(c)water can break into hydronium and
hydroxyl ions
(d)hydrophilic bonds form
(e)ionic bonds form
2.If a molecule is oxidized, it always
(a)loses an electron
(b)gains an electron
(c)loses a proton
(d)gains a proton
(e)combines with oxygen to form water
3.The pH scale for acids and bases is a measure of
(a)the strength of hydrophilic bonds
(b)the strength hydrophobic bonds
(c)the concentration of hydronium ions
(d)the concentration of hydroxyl ions
(e)the ability to form ions
4.Which process is an example of a hydrolysis
reaction?
(a)Peptide bonds are formed.
(b)Lactase breaks lactose into glucose and
galactose.
(c)Catalase breaks hydrogen peroxide into less
reactive molecules.
(d)Chemiosmosis combines ADP with a
phosphate group to make ATP.
(e)Carbon dioxide molecules pass through the
cell membrane.
5.Proteins are macromolecules made from amino
acids. Read these statements carefully. Which
combination of statements best describes an
enzyme?
IThe primary structure is linear.
IIR-groups may form ionic bonds or
hydrogen bonds.
IIIPolypeptides can fold to form pleated
sheets.
IVHydrophilic amino acids are attracted to
water.
VPolypeptides can link to form a larger
structure.
(a)I, II, and III
(b)I, II, III and IV(c)II, IV and V
(d)I, III and V
(e)I, II, III, IV and V
6.Enzymes are important because they
(a)reduce the activation energy for a reaction
(b)increase the activation energy for a reaction
(c)are flexible, and can combine with different
substrates.
(d)use most of the ATP in the cell.
(e)act as neurotransmitters.
7.The active site on an enzyme is responsible for
(a)binding with an allosteric effector
(b)feedback control of the metabolic pathway
(c)binding with the substrate for a reaction
(d)the structure of the protein
(e)binding with toxins to eliminate them from
the cell
8.Which of the following is nota factor that can
affect enzyme shape?
(a)temperature
(b)pH
(c)concentration of the enzyme
(d)ions
(e)amino acid substitution
9.Which molecule has the lowest potential
energy stored in its chemical bonds?
(a)glucose
(b)glucose phosphate
(c)fructose di-phosphate
(d)phosphoglycerate
(e)pyruvate
10.ATP is produced during which reaction?
(a)glycolysis
(b)the production of citric acid from
oxaloacetate
(c)photosystem 700
(d)osmoregulation in the nephron
(e)the Calvin cycle
11.The Calvin cycle is responsible for producing
(a)carbon dioxide
(b)PGAL
(c)oxygen
(d)pyruvate
(e)glucose
12.Lactic acid fermentation starts when
(a)there is too much lactose in the cell
(b)oxidative phosphorylation stops and NAD+
is trapped as NADHUNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS