Stem Cell Microenvironments and Beyond

194 2014 ; Sato et al. 2011 ). This 3D in vitro culture method allows for the formation of organized cellular structures with di ...

195 features of a potential stem cell population. Interestingly, further analysis of this putative stem cell population did not ...

196 10.9 Oesophageal Stem Cells in Human As discussed above mouse and human oesophagus show certain histological differ- ences. ...

197 The most recent report studying human oesophageal tissue maintenance, uses a comprehensive wholemount staining technique to ...

198 co-existing (Alcolea et  al. 2014 ). This exemplifies how different mutations could potentially synergise during the early s ...

199 The remarkably uniform behaviour described in dysplasia contrasts with obser- vations in squamous cell carcinomas produced i ...

200 tion, increased immune response, changes in extracellular matrix and vascular reor- ganization, among others (Lin et al. 201 ...

201 Injury by gastric refluxate in the oesophagus has been shown to result in chronic inflammation with upregulation of cytokine ...

202 treatment and also presents good prospects for oesophageal cancer (Raufi and Klempner 2015 ). Ultimately, cancer represents ...

203 Chen DS, Mellman I (2017) Elements of cancer immunity and the cancer-immune set point. Nature 541:321–330 Chen MF et  al (20 ...

204 Hutchinson L et al (2011) Human Barrett’s adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, associated myofi- broblasts, and endothelium can ...

205 Raufi AG, Klempner SJ (2015) Immunotherapy for advanced gastric and esophageal cancer: pre- clinical rationale and ongoing c ...

206 Winter JW et al (2007) N-nitrosamine generation from ingested nitrate via nitric oxide in subjects with and without gastroes ...

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017 207 A. Birbrair (ed.), Stem Cell Microenvironments and Beyond, Advances in Experimen ...

208 oropharynx, hypopharynx, tonsils, pyriform sinus and other and ill-defined sites of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx (Ferlay ...

209 11.2 Tumor Heterogeneity and Tumor Niche The tumor “onco-genotype” evolves gradually over time due to inherent genomic insta ...

210 originally pioneered by Peter Nowell in a ground-breaking article which documents cancer as an evolutionary process where tu ...

211 progeny populations where the CSCs rest at the apex of positional hierarchy and drive tumor growth and disease progression. ...

212 Prince et  al. for the first time accomplished the isolation of CSCs in HNSCC in They segregated a pool of cells in HNSCC w ...

213 also been used for the identification and characterization of CSCs. The orosphere culture system is also efficient in separa ...