Salt, G. (1970)The Cellular Defence Reactions of Insects. Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, 240 pp.
Schmid-Hempel, P. and Schmid-Hempel, R. (1991) Endoparasitic flies, pollen-
collection by bumblebees and potential parasite–host conflict.Oecologia87,
227–232.
Schmidt, J.M. and Smith, J.J.B. (1985) Host volume measurement by the parasitoid
wasp Trichogramma minutum: the roles of curvature and surface area.
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 39, 213–221.
Schmidt, O., Theopold, U. and Strand, M.R. (2001) Innate immunity and its
evasion and suppression by hymenopteran endoparasitoids.BioEssays23,
344–351.
Schopf, A., Nussbaumer, C., Rembold, H. and Hammock, B.D. (1996) Influence
of the braconid Glyptapanteles liparidison the juvenile hormone titer
of its larval host, the gypsy moth,Lymantria dispar. Archives of Insect
Biochemistry and Physiology31, 337–351.
Strand, M.R. (1986) The physiological interactions of parasitoids with their hosts
and their influence on reproductive strategies. In: Waage, J. and Greathead, D.
(eds)Insect Parasitoids. Academic Press, London, pp. 97–136.
Strand, M.R. (2000) Developmental traits and life-history evolution in parasitoids.
In: Hochberg, M.E. and Ives, A.R. (eds) Parasitoid Population Biology.
Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, pp. 139–162.
Strand, M.R. and Godfray, H.C.J. (1989) Superparasitism and ovicide in parasitic
Hymenopera: theory and a case study of the ectoparasitoidBracon hebetor.
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology24, 421–432.
Strand, M.R. and Grbic, M. (1997) The development and evolution of
polyembryonic insects. Current Topics in Developmental Biology 35,
121–158.
Strand, M.R. and Pech, L.L. (1995) Immunological compatibility in parasitoid–
host relationships.Annual Review of Entomology40, 31–56.
Strand, M.R. and Vinson, S.B. (1983) Host acceptance behaviour ofTelenomus
heliothidistoward the eggs ofHeliothis virescens.Annals of the Entomo-
logical Society of America76, 781–785.
Strand, M.R., McKenzie, D.I., Grassl, V., Dover, B.A. and Aiken, J.M.
(1992) Persistence and expression ofMicroplitis demolitorpolydnavirus in
Pseudoplusia includens.Journal of General Virology73, 1627–1635.
Strand, M.R., Witherell, S.A. and Trudeau, D. (1997) Two relatedMicroplitis
demolitorpolydnavirus mRNAs expressed in hemocytes ofPseudoplusia
includenscontain a common cysteine-rich domain.Journal of Virology71,
2146–2156.
Takagi, M. (1986) The reproductive strategy of the gregarious parasitoid,
Pteromalus puparum(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae): host size discrimination
and regulation of the number and sex ratio of progeny in a single host.
Oecologia70, 321–325.
Theilmann, D.A. and Summers, M.D. (1986) Molecular analysis ofCampoletis
sonorensisvirus DNA in the lepidopteran hostHeliothis virescens.Journal of
General Virology67, 1061–1069.
Trudeau, D. and Strand, M.R. (1998) The role of Microplitis demolitor
polydnavirus in parasitism by its associated wasp,Microplitis demolitor
(Hymenoptera: Braconida).Journal of Insect Physiology44, 795–805.
van Alphen, J.J.M. and Visser, M.E. (1990) Superparasitism as an adaptive strategy
for insect parasitoids.Annual Review of Entomology35, 59–79.Interactions between Larval Parasitoids and Their Hosts 151