Revival: Biological Effects of Low Level Exposures to Chemical and Radiation (1992)

HYPOTHESES ON LONGEVITY HORMESIS 15

Table 1.1. Longevity Hormesis Database

Stimulus

Species

(Gender)

Dose

(Route)

Concomitant

Toxicity? Reference(s)

Authenticated Data

Procaine rats

(male)

4 mg/kg

3 x weekly

(parenteral)

no 5,14, this chapter

Amosite asbestos3 rats
(female)

10,000 ppm

(diet)

yes 24

Amosite asbestos hamsters
(female)

10,000 ppm

(diet)

yes 24

Amosite asbestos hamsters
(male)

10,000 ppm

(diet)

yes 24

Dieldrin3 mice

(male)

1 ppm

(diet)

yes 24

Ethyl acrylate rats

(male)

75 ppm

(inhalation)

yes 24

Methylene chloride hamsters

(female)

500-3500 ppm

(inhalation)

no 24,25

Chloroform3 rats
(male)

1800 ppm

(water)

yes 24

Gamma radiation mice
(mixed)

0.11-8.8 rad/day

(whole body)

yes 25,33

Gamma radiation mice
(male)

0.11 rad/day

(whole body)

no 25

Gamma radiation chipmunks
(male &
female)

200-400 R

single-dose

(whole body)

yes 47

Hexachlorobenzene3 rats

(female)

0.32-40 ppm

(diet)

yes 25

DDT3 mice

(female)

2-250 ppm

(diet)

yes 25

DDT3 mice

(male)

2-250 ppm

(diet)

yes 25

Gompertz Plots Strongly Suggesting Longevity Hormesis

2-Mercaptoethanol mice
(male)

0.25% (w/w)

(diet)

no 76

Crowding conditions rats
(male)

6 vs 12 rats

per cage

no 77

X-radiation Drosophila
(male)

1-20 kR

(whole body)

yes 33,78

aVisual inspection of the Gompertz plots, while indicating consistency with the longevity
hormesis/toxicity model posited, leaves room for other interpretations. This is due to (1) a
weak longevity hormetic effect; (2) cancellation of the reverse effects of longevity hormesis
by irreversible toxicity; and/or (3) variability in the data.