TABLE 6.3 P-gp-mediated drug–drug interactions observed in clinic.Substrate
Inhibitor
Inducer
Result
Possible interacting protein
Reference
Amitriptyline
St. John’s
wort
Decrease in
AUC (
22%)
P-gp, CYP3A4
Johne et al. (2002)
Amprenavir
Saquinavir
Increase in
AUC (+32%)
P-gp, CYP3A4
Sadler et al. (2001)
Atorvastatin
Erythromycin
Increase in AUC
(1.32-fold) andC
max
(1.38-fold).
No change in
t1/2
P-gp, CYP3A4
Siedlik et al. (1999)
Atorvastatin
Cyclosporin A
Increase in
AUC (7.4-fold)
P-gp, CYP3A4
Asberg et al. (2000)
Azithromycin
Nelfinavir
Increase in AUC
(2.06-fold) andC
max
(2.0-fold)
P-gp
Amsden et al. (2000)
Cerivastatin
Cyclosporin A
Increase in
AUC (3.8-fold)
OATPs
Muck et al. (1999)
Cyclosporin A
Grapefruit juice
Increase in
AUC (1.5-fold)
P-gp and CYP3A4
Edwards et al. (1999)
Cyclosporin A
St. John’s
wort
Decrease in whole-
blood troughconcentration(mean dose-normalized troughconcentration:0.84
!
0.48 ng/
(mL
mg))
P-gp, CYP3A4
Mai et al. (2000)
(continued
)
159