Cell Language Theory, The: Connecting Mind And Matter

70 The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and Matter

b2861 The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and Matter “6x9”

same knowledge may help us understand how the more complex enzyme

systems work such as the rotary enzymes. The pre-fit mechanisms are based

on the generalized Franck–Condon principle (GFCP) that was imported into

enzymology from chemical kinetics in 1974 [12] and implicate Brownian

motions as an essential process.

3.2.6 The GFCP, Pre-fit Mechanisms, and Scalar Enzyme Catalysis

The GFCP was formulated in [7, p. 53; 12] by generalizing the Franck–

Condon principle well known in chemical kinetics [70]. GFCP is also

referred to as the Principle of Slow and Fast Processes (PSFP) as briefly

discussed in Section 2.7.

GFCP applies whenever two processes are coupled, one slow and the

other fast, differing in time constant by a factor of about 10^2 or more.

Since enzyme catalysis involves slow conformational changes of the

enzyme and fast electronic rearrangement of the substrate to produce the

product, GFCP should apply. The free energy diagram of a general

enzyme catalysis is schematically shown in Figure 3.9 [14].

It is assumed in Figure 3.9 that the chemical transformations (as sym-

bolized by the shape change of the substrate into that of the product) in the

active site of an enzyme is driven by conformons or conformational waves

(standing waves) of the amino acid residues constituting the active site

(symbolized by the differentially numbered amino acid residues making

contact with the substrate and the product). As evident, the ligand (either

the substrate or the product) binds to the active site only when the active

Table 3.3 Three kinds of enzyme catalyses in the living cell.

Catalysis

Category

Minimum

Number of Active

Sites on Enzyme

Motion of

Enzyme Active

Sites Examples

Mechanistic

Principle

Obeyed

Scalar 1 Random Most enzymes,

e.g., histidine

carboxylase

GFCP

(Section 2.7)

Translational 2 Linear or

translational

Ion channels GFCP

Rotary 3 Circular or

rotary

F 1 -ATPase GFCP

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