Cell Language Theory, The: Connecting Mind And Matter

78 The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and Matter

b2861 The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and Matter “6x9”

Figure 3.13 The pre-fit mechanism of the rotary catalysis of F 1 –ATPase based on the

GFCP or the PSFP. O = open conformation; C = closed conformation whose shape is

complementary to that of ADP or (ADP + Pi); C′ = closed conformation whose shape is

complementary to that of ATP; E = empty, i.e., no ligand; T = ATP; D = ADP or (ADP + Pi).

The filled triangle stands for the a 3 b 3 stator ring (also called the F 1 –ATPase stator ring) that

catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate, Pi. Although experimen-

tally only the O conformation could be detected by the high-speed AFM [85], it is predicted

here that there will be two other conformations found, designated as C and C’ in this figure,

that circulate counterclockwise around the F 1 –ATPase stator ring in phase with the O confor-

mation. The solid arrows (see Steps 1–3) indicates the direction of conformational transitions

occurring in the presence of excess ATP relative to ADP in the medium, thus hydrolyzing

ATP to ADP and Pi, while the dotted arrows (see Steps 1–3) indicate the direction of confor-

mational wave propagation in the presence of excess ADP and Pi relative to ATP, thus syn-

thesizing ATP from ADP and Pi, following the Le Chatelier principle [171], a principle of

equilibrium processes, inapplicable to oxphos which is a far-from- equilibrium process. See

active vs. passive ATP synthesis discussed in Section 3.3.8. Reproduced from [25, p. 216].

(O/C/C′) (C′/O/C) (C/C′/O)

1

-1

2

-2

3

-3

O(E) C′(T) C(D)

C(D) C′(T) O(E) C(D) C′(T) O(E)

former is a slower process than the latter. For example, when that F 1

stator undergoes the transition from States 1 to 3 in Figure 3.14, the

conformations of the b-subunits change from (O/C/C′) to (C′/O/C)

and the ligand system changes from (E/D/T) to (T/E/D). But, because

the conformation changes are slower than the ligand binding events,

the States 1–3 transition cannot occur unless and until State 1 under-

goes a transition to an intermediate state, State 2, by first changing

the conformational state from (O/C/C′) to (OC′/CO/C′C) which is a

high-energy state as indicated by the superscript double dagger, ‡,

and leads to the transition of the ligand binding state from (E/D/T) to

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