The Bhopalator 143“6x9” b2861 The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and Matter(3) As reflected in the aa 3 trace, the conformational state of the heme
aa 3 changed rapidly (similar to the rising kinetics of the mem-
brane potential, ∆y) and returned almost to its ground state within
1–2 min.These observations and other related data measured by many groups
around the world since 1977 seem to have been reasonably completely
accounted for by the kinetic scheme proposed by Wikstrőm and his group
in 2015 [118] (see the “Helsinki mechanism” in Figure 3.39).
It may be important to note here that Observation (1) clearly demon-
strates that cytochrome c oxidase is a proton pump driven by electron flow
but, according to the chemiosmotic model, cytochrome c oxidase is not a
proton pump but rather a proton sink (see Complex IV in Figure 3.32b).Figure 3.39 The ‘Helskinki mechanisms’ of the oxygen reduction and water production
in cytochrome c oxidase. The electron (blue) and proton paths (red) in cytochrome c oxi-
dase based on high-resolution X-ray structure of the bovine enzyme. Reproduced from
[165, Figure 1].b2861_Ch-03.indd 143 17-10-2017 11:46:54 AM