Cell Language Theory, The: Connecting Mind And Matter

58 The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and Matter

b2861 The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and Matter “6x9”

IDSs are synonymous with SOWAWN machines, the acronym derived

from Self-organizing Whenever And Wherever Needed machines (see

Section 2.6). There are many examples of SOWAWN machines inside living

cells (e.g., glycolytic enzymes that assemble for glycolysis and disassemble

when all glucose molecules are metabolized) [137] as well as outside cells

(e.g., blood coagulation cascade). Both IDSs and SOWAWN machines are

closely related to what V. Norris refers to as hyperstructures [137].

According to the Bhopalator model of the cell [15, 16, 25], IDSs con-

stitute the immediate causes for all cell functions. In other words, IDSs

and cell functions are synonymous:

IDSs are the internal (or endo) aspect and cell functions are the exter-

nal (or exo) aspect of the living cell. (3.3)

A direct experimental support for the concept of IDSs was reported by

Sawyer et al. in 1985 [60], who measured the intracellular calcium ion

gradient in human neutrophils as they migrated toward a particle as

explained in Figure 3.3.

3.2.2 The Information–Energy Complementarity in the Living Cell

Each of the 20 arrows that appears in the Bhopalator model of the living

cell (Figure 3.2) signifies free energy dissipation under the control of the

information derived from DNA and the environment of the cell and hence

is driven by gnergy, i.e., the complementary union of information and

energy (see Section 2.9).

3.2.3 Electromechanochemical Energy Transduction

The concept of “electrochemical” and “electromechanical” energies are

well known. Examples of the former include the free energies associated

with the K+ and Na+ ion gradients across cell membranes, and the proton

concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane postu-

lated to be the driving force of oxidative phosphorylation in the chemios-

motic hypothesis of Mitchell [138–141] (see Section 3.3.3). One example

of the “electromechanical” energy in biology is the energy that derives the

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