Cell Language Theory, The: Connecting Mind And Matter

The Bhopalator 61

“6x9” b2861 The Cell Language Theory: Connecting Mind and Matter

Figure 3.4 (Continued) three molecules of ATP. In other words, the flow of two electrons and

two protons through three coupling sites, I, II, and III, leads to the production of one water

molecule and three ATP molecules. The coupling between the ETC and ATP synthase is thought

to be mediated by electrostatic, mechanical, and electronic interactions (as defined in Table 3.2).

Figure 3.5 The postulated mechanism of coupling between the respiratory chain and ATP

synthase during oxidative phosphorylation based on the EMC energy transduction principle.

(a) The charge separation catalyzed by ETC (symbolized by squares embedded in the mem-

brane) is postulated to polarize the F 0 F 1 –ATP synthase in state b symbolized by the lollypop

shape (see also Figure 3.35) which is depolarized in state c when ADP is phosphorylated to

form ATP. (b) The conversion of the chemical energy in the initial state (symbolized as ADP +

Pi) into the electromechanical energy in the intermediate state (symbolized as ADP· · ·Pi) which

is transformed back to the chemical energy in the final state (symbolized as ATP + H 2 O).

(a)

(b)

ADPO

CHEMICAL CHEMICAL

total potential energy

chemical potential energy

elechromechanical

potential energy

ADP + Pi

State of the transducing unit

ADP –Pi ADP + H 2 O

ELECTROMECHANOCHEMICAL

SH 2

H 2 O

C SSC CH 2

+ –+

+

Pi ADPO ATP

d– d+

Pi

abc

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