Alimonti, J.B., Shi, L., Baijal, P.K. and Greenberg, A.H. (2001) Granzyme B induces BID-
mediated cytochrome c release and mitochondrial permeability transition. J.Biol.Chem.
276 :6974–6982.
Altucci, L., Rossin, A., Raffelsberger, W., Reitmair, A., Chomienne, C. and Gronemeyer,
H. (2001) Retinoic acid-induced apoptosis in leukemia cells is mediated by paracrine
action of tumor-selective death ligand TRAIL. Nat.Med. 7:680–686.
Amarante-Mendes, G.P., Finucane, D.M., Martin, S.J., Cotter, T.G., Salvesen, G.S. and
Green, D.R. (1998) Anti-apoptotic oncogenes prevent caspase-dependent and
independent commitment for cell death. Cell Death Differ. 5:298–306.
Ambrosini, G., Adida, C. and Altieri, D.C. (1997) A novel anti-apoptosis gene, survivin,
expressed in cancer and lymphoma. Nat. Med. 3:917–921.
Ameisen, J.C. (1998) The evolutionary origin and role of programmed cell death in single
celled organisms: a new view of executioners, mitochondria, hostparasite interactions,
and the role of death in the process of natural selection. In When Cells Die (ed. Richard
A.Lockshin), Wiley-Liss, Chichester, pp. 3– 56.
Ameisen, J.C. (1996) The origin of programmed cell death. Science 272: 1278–1279.
Ameisen, J.C., Idziorek, T., Billaut-Mulot, O., Loyens, M., Tissier, J.P., Potentier, A. and
Ouaissi, M.A. (1995) Apoptosis in the unicellular eukaryote (Trypanosoma cruzei):
implications for the evolutionary origin and role of programmed cell death in the control
of cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. Cell Death Differ. 2:285–300.
Annaert, W.G., Becker, B., Kistner, U., Reth, M. and Jahn, R. (1997) Export of cellubrevin
from the endoplasmic reticulum is controlled by BAP31. J.Cell Biol. 139:1397–1410.
Annis, M.G., Zamzami, N., Zhu, W., Penn, L.Z., Kroemer, G., Leber, B. and Andrews,
D.W. (2001) Endoplasmic reticulum localized Bcl-2 prevents apoptosis when
redistribution of cytochrome c is a late event. Oncogene 20: 1939–1952.
Antonsson, B. (2001) Bax and other pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family ‘killer-proteins’ and their
victim, the mitochondrion. Cell Tissue Res. 306:347–361.
Antonsson, B., Conti, F., Ciavatta, A., et al. (1997) Inhibition of Bax channel-forming activity
by Bcl-2. Science 277:370–372.
Antonsson, B. and Martinou, J.C. (2000) The Bcl-2 protein family. Exp. Cell Res. 256:50–57.
Antonsson, B., Montessuit, S., Lauper, S., Eskes, R. and Martinou, J.C. (2000) Bax
oligomerization is required for channel-forming activity in liposomes and to trigger
cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Biochem. J. 345:271–278.
Antonsson, B., Montessuit, S., Sanchez, B. and Martinou, J.C. (2001) Bax is present as a
high molecular weight oligomer/complex in the mitochondrial membrane of apoptotic
cells. J.Biol.Chem. 276:11615–11623.
Aoki, H., Yoshimura, K., Kang, P.M., Hampe, J., Noma, T., Matsuzaki, M. and Izumo, S.
(2002) Direct activation of mitochondrial apoptosis machinery by c-Jun N-terminal
kinase in adult cardiac myocytes. J.Biol. Chem. 10:10.
Apweiler, R., Attwood, T.K., Bairoch, A., et al. (2001) The InterPro database, an integrated
documentation resource for protein families, domains and functional sites. Nucleic Acids
Res. 29:37–40.
Aravind, L., Dixit, V.M. and Koonin, E.V. (2001) Apoptotic molecular machinery: vastly
increased complexity in vertebrates revealed by genome comparisons. Science 291:1279–
1284.
Aravind, L., Dixit, V.M. and Koonin, E.V. (1999) The domains of death: evolution of the
apoptosis machinery. Trends Biochem. Sci. 24:47–53.
236 GENETICS OF APOPTOSIS