Espagne, E., Balhadere, P., Begueret, J. and Turcq, B. (1997) Reactivity in vegetative
incompatibility of the HET-E protein of the fungus Podospora anserina is dependent on
GTP-binding activity and a WD40 repeated domain. Mol. Gen. Genet. 256:620–627.
Evans, E., Kuwana, T., Strum, S., Smith, J., Newmeyer, D. and Kornbluth, S. (1997) Reaper-
induced apoptosis in a vertebrate system. EMBO J. 16:7372–7381.
Fadok, V.A., Xue, D. and Henson, P. (2001) If phosphatidylserine is the death knell, a new
phosphatidylserine-specific receptor is the bellringer. Cell Death Differ. 8:582–587.
Fairbrother, W.J., Gordon, N.C., Humke, E.W., O’Rourke, K.M., Starovasnik, M.A., Yin,
J.P. and Dixit, V.M. (2001) The PYRIN domain: a member of the death domain-fold
superfamily. Protein Sci. 10:1911–1918.
Fedor-Chaiken, M., Deschenes, R.J. and Broach, J.R. (1990) SRV2, a gene required for RAS
activation of adenylate cyclase in yeast. Cell 61:329–340.
Feinstein, E., Kimchi, A., Wallach, D., Boldin, M. and Varfolomeev, E. (1995) The death
domain: a module shared by proteins with diverse cellular functions letter. Trends
Biochem. Sci. 20:342–344.
Feller, S.M. (2001) Crk family adaptors—signalling complex formation and biological roles.
Oncogene 20:6348–6371.
Ferri, K.F. and Kroemer, G. (2001) Organelle-specific initiation of cell death pathways. Nat.
Cell Biol. 3: E255-E263.
Fesik, S.W. (2000) Insights into programmed cell death through structural biology. Cell 103:
273–282.
Fields, S. and Song, O. (1989) A novel genetic system to detect proteinprotein interactions.
Nature 340:245–246.
Finkel, T.H., Tudor-Williams, G., Banda, N.K., Cotton, M.F., Curiel, T., Monks, C., Baba,
T.W., Ruprecht, R.M. and Kupfer, A. (1995) Apoptosis occurs predominantly in
bystander cells and not in productively infected cells of HIVand SIV-infected lymph
nodes. Nat. Med. 1:129–134.
Finn, J.T., Weil, M., Archer, F., Siman, R., Srinivasan, A. and Raff, M.C. (2000) Evidence
that Wallerian degeneration and localized axon degeneration induced by local
neurotrophin deprivation do not involve caspases. J.Neurosci. 20: 1333–1341.
Finucane, D.M., Bossy-Wetzel, E., Waterhouse, N.J., Cotter, T.G. and Green, D.R. (1999)
Bax-induced caspase activation and apoptosis via cytochrome c release from mitochondria
is inhibitable by Bcl-xL. J.Biol. Chem. 274:2225–2233.
Fisher, G.H., Rosenberg, F.J., Straus, S.E., Dale, J.K., Middleton, L.A., Lin, A.Y., Strober,
W., Lenardo, M.J. and Puck, J.M. (1995) Dominant interfering Fas gene mutations
impair apoptosis in a human autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. Cell 81:935–
946.
Fitzgerald, K.A., Palsson-McDermott, E.M., Bowie, A.G., et al. (2001) Mal (MyD88-adapter-
like) is required for Toll-like receptor-4 signal transduction. Nature 413:78–83.
Flower, D.R. (1996) The lipocalin protein family: structure and function. Biochem. J. 318:1–
14.
Flybase (1994) The Drosophila genetic database. Nucliec Acids Res. 22:3456–3458.
Foghsgaard, L., Wissing, D., Mauch, D., Lademann, U., Bastholm, L., Boes, M.,Elling, F.,
Leist, M. and Jäättelä, M. (2001) Cathepsin B acts as a dominant execution protease in
tumor cell apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor. J.Cell Biol. 153:999–1009.
Foiani, M., Pellicioli, A., Lopes, M., Lucca, C., Ferrari, M., Liberi, G., Muzi, F.M. and
Plevani, P. (2000) DNA damage checkpoints and DNA replication controls in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutat. Res. 451:187–196.
250 GENETICS OF APOPTOSIS