Guicciardi, M.E., Miyoshi, H., Bronk, S.F. and Gores, G.J. (2001) Cathepsin B knockout
mice are resistant to tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis and liver
injury: implications for therapeutic applications. Am. J. Pathol. 159:2045-2054.
Gumienny, T.L., Brugnera, E., Tosello-Trampont, A.C. et al. (2001) CED-12/ELMO, a
novel member of the CrkII/Dock180/Rac pathway, is required for phagocytosis and cell
migration. Cell 107:27-41.
Gumienny, T.L., Lambie, E., Hartwieg, E., Horvitz, H.R. and Hengartner, M.O. (1999)
Genetic control of programmed cell death in the Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite
germline. Development 126:1011-1022.
Guo, Q., Furukawa, K., Sopher, B.L., Pham, D.G., Xie, J., Robinson, N., Martin, G.M.
and Mattson, M.P. (1996) Alzheimer's PS-1 mutation perturbs calcium homeostasis and
sensitizes PC12 cells to death induced by amyloid beta-peptide. Neuroreport 8:379-383.
Guo, Y., Srinivasula, S.M., Druilhe, A., Fernandes-Alnemri, T. and Alnemri, E.S. (2002)
Caspase-2 induces apoptosis by releasing proapoptotic proteins from mitochondria. J.
Biol. Chem. 277:13430-13437.
Ha, H.C. and Snyder, S.H. (1999) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a mediator of necrotic
cell death by ATP depletion. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 96:13978-13982.
Hacki, J., Egger, L., Monney, L., Conus, S., Rosse, T., Fellay, I. and Borner, C. (2000)
Apoptotic crosstalk between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria controlled by
Bcl-2. Oncogene 19:2286-2295.
Haining, W., Carboy-Newcomb, C., Wei, C. and Steller, H. (1999) The proapoptotic
function of Drosophila Hid is conserved in mammalian cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
96:4936–4941.
Hajnoczky, G., Csordas, G., Madesh, M. and Pacher, P. (2000a) Control of apoptosis by IP
(3) and ryanodine receptor driven calcium signals. Cell Calcium 28: 349–363.
Hajnoczky, G., Csordas, G., Madesh, M. and Pacher, P. (2000b) The machinery of local Ca^2
- signalling between sarco-endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. J.Physiol. 529 (Pt
1): 69–81.
Hakem, R., Hakem, A., Duncan, G.S., et al. (1998) Differential requirement for caspase-9
in apoptotic pathways in vivo. Cell 94:339–352.
Halestrap, A.P., Connern, C.P., Griffiths, E.J. and Kerr, P.M. (1997) Cyclosporin A binding
to mitochondrial cyclophilin inhibits the permeability transition pore and protects hearts
from ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 174: 167–172.
Hall, D.H., Winfrey, V.P., Blaeuer, G., Hoffman, L.H., Furuta, T., Rose, K.L., Hobert, O.
and Greenstein, D. (1999) Ultrastructural features of the adult hermaphrodite gonad of
Caenorhabditis elegans: relations between the germ line and soma. Dev. Biol. 212:101–123.
Hamasaki, A., Sendo, F., Nakayama, K., Ishida, N., Negishi, I. and Hatakeyama, S. (1998)
Accelerated neutrophil apoptosis in mice lacking AI-a, a subtype of the bcl-2-related A1
gene. J.Exp. Med. 188:1985–1992.
Han, D.K., Chaudhary, P.M., Wright, M.E., Friedman, C., Trask, B.J., Riedel, R.T., Baskin,
D.G., Schwartz, S.M. and Hood, L. (1997) MRIT, a novel death-effector domain-
containing protein, interacts with caspases and BclXL and initiates cell death. Proc. Natl
Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94:11333–11338.
Hanada, M., Aime-Sempe, C., Sato, T. and Reed, J.C. (1995) Structure-function analysis of
Bcl-2: protein identification of conserved domains important for homodimerization with
Bcl-2 and heterodimerization with Bax. J.Biol. Chem. 270:11962–11969.
254 GENETICS OF APOPTOSIS