204 Self and the Phenomenon of Life
b2726 Self and the Phenomenon of Life: A Biologist Examines Life from Molecules to Humanity “9x6”Notes and References
- Bryson B. (2003) A Short History of Nearly Everything, Broadway Books,
Chapter 26, p. 397. (Quoted with permission from Penguin Random House) - The word “feeling” is commonly used in four different ways: (1) tactile sensa-
tion as in “I feel my way in the dark”; (2) bodily sensation such as “I feel hot”;
(3) intuitive or subjective knowledge as in “I feel the situation is bad”; (4)
inner experience of an emotion. In this book only the last meaning is adopted. - The other brain structure that comes singly is the pituitary gland, which lies
at the bottom of the brain; it seems the lowly location of the pituitary was
less appealing to Descartes as worthy of the soul. - James W. (1890) The Principles of Psychology, vol. 2, Henry Holt; repub-
lished by Dover, New York, 1950, p. 451. - James W. Ibid., vol. 2, p. 450.
- Arnold MB. (1960) Emotion and Personality, Columbia Univ. Press,
New York; Damasio AR. (1995) Toward a neurobiology of emotion and
feeling: Operational concepts and hypotheses. The Neuroscientist 1: 19–25. - Damasio AR. (1994) Decartes’ Error, Putnam’s Sons, New York.
- Bard and Cannon demonstrated that the hypothalamus alone, when dis-
connected from the rest of the brain, is able to express emotional outpour-
ing when stimulated. See: Cannon WB. (1927) The James-Lange theory of
emotion: A critical examination and an alternative theory. Am J Psychology
39: 106–124. - Kluver H, Bucy PC. (1939) Preliminary analysis of the functions of the
temporal lobes in monkeys. Archives Neurol and Psychiatry 42: 979–1000. - Olds J, Milner P. (1954) Positive reinforcement produced by electrical
stimulation of septal area and other regions of rat brain. J Comp Physiol
Psychology 47: 419–427. - The mammalian brain comprises an outer thin layer of gray matter (cortex)
made up of neuronal cell bodies and an inner mass of white matter con-
sisting of nerve fiber tracts wrapped in myelin sheaths. The word “nucleus”
(plural “nuclei”) in neuro-anatomy refers to a pocket of gray matter (neu-
ronal cell bodies) embedded deep in the white matter of the brain. - Volz H-P, Rehbein G, Triepel J, et al. (1990) Afferent connections of the
nucleus centralis amygdalae. Anat and Embryol 181: 177–194.