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Appendix C:

Relative Anatomical Positions

•    Afferent:  going   toward  the brain.

•    Anterior:  toward  the front   end.

•    Caudal:    toward  the tail    end.

•    Central:   in   or  near   the center; central nervous system  comprises   the 

brain   and spinal  cord.

•    Coronal section:    a   vertical   plane   perpendicular   to   the    midline,    

cutting the brain   into    front   and back.

•    Dorsal:    toward  the back    part    of   the    body;   in   human  brain,  roughly 

equivalent  to  “superior.”

•    Efferent:  going   outward from    the brain.

•    Frontal:   toward  the front   end.

•    Inferior:  below   or  lower   down.

•    Lateral:   away    from    midline toward  the sides.

•    Medial:    near    or  toward  the midline.

•    Para:  nearby.

•    Peripheral:    away    from    the center; peripheral  nervous system  refers  

to  the nerves  coming  out of  the brain   and spinal  cord.

•    Posterior: toward  the back.

•    Rostral:   toward  the head    or  front   end.

•    Sagittal section:  a    vertical   plane   parallel    to   the    midline,    cutting the 

brain   into    left    and right.

•    Superior:  above   or  higher  up.

•    Ventral:    toward the belly;  in   human  brain,  roughly equivalent  to  

“inferior.”

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