Endophytic Fungi: Diversity, Characterization and Biocontrol

116 Y. M. Hokama, D. C. Savi, B. Assad et al.

Figure 13. Activity of non-volatile metabolites produced by endophytic strains against
Phyllosticta citricarpa 14 days after inoculation with a) 5 mg of fungicide glyphosate
(Positive control); the strains b) LGMF1133 (Nigrospora sp.), c) LGMF1121
(Nigrospora sp.) and d) LGMF1119 (Xylariaceae 1); e) Water (Negative control).

Table 2. Inhibition of Phyllosticta citricarpa LGMF06 mycelia growth by

non-volatile and volatile metabolites produced by three endophytic

isolates from Vochysia divergens

Treatment Non-volatile Volatile

Mycelium growth

Inhibition %

Mycelium growth
Inhibition %
NC 6,24 ± 1,9 0 11,69 ± 0,9 0
PC 0 ± 0 100 0 ± 0 100
LGMF1133 (Nigrospora sp.) 0 ± 0 100 9,7 ± 1,6 17
LGMF1121 (Nigrospora sp.) 0 ± 0 100 9,57 ± 2,9 18
LGMF1119 (Xylariaceae) 0 ± 0 100 11,27 ± 0,6 4
Note: NC: negative control, just the phytopathogen LGMF06; PC: positive control, the
phytopathogen LGMF06 plus the fungicide glyphosate (50 mg/mL).

Table 3. Inhibition of Phyllosticta citricarpa mycelia and pycnidia growth

by different extracts from endophytic isolates from Vochysia divergens

Extract Mycelia Pycnidia
Inhibition % Inhibition %
LGMF06 (PC) 0 ± 0 100 - - - -
LGMF1119 1,02 ± 0,10 83 134,4 ± 42,2 49,5
LGMF1119-mc 1,04 ± 0,12 83 122,75 ± 38,85 53,9
LGMF1133-mc 1,07 ± 0,09 82 226,3 ± 82,1 15,0
LGMF1121-mc 1,08 ± 0,23 82 159,55 ± 40,89 40,1
LGMF1133 1,17 ± 0,40 80 165,8 ± 91,3 37,7
LGMF1121 1,24 ± 0,17 79 92,5 ± 31,37 65,3
LGMF06 (NC) 5,95 ± 2,2 0 266,2 ± 83,9 0
Note: PC: positive control, the phytopathogen plus the fungicide glyphosate (50 mg/mL);
mc: extract from mycelium; NC: negative control, just the phytopathogen.