Sociology Now, Census Update

708 SUBJECT INDEX

Domestic labor, 442
Doubt, role exit and, 80
Dramaturgical model, 24
Dramaturgy, 73–74
Drugs
definition of, 542
recreational, 541–542
therapeutic, 542
Durkheim’s views, 16–18
on religion, 489–490
Dyads, 81
Dying, 360–362
stages of, 361

Eating disorders, 526, 527, 528
Ecclesiae, 493–494
Economic development, 419–425
Economic systems, 425–429
capitalism, 425–427
communism, 428–429
socialism, 427–428
Economies, 418–434
agricultural, 419
American, 429–434
corporations and, 431–434
definition of, 418
global, classification of, 230–232
industrial, 419–420
industrialization and, 430–431
modern, 420–421
postindustrial, 421–425, 431
theories of, 418
in 21st century, 451
world, 235
Ecosystems, 640
“Edge cities,” 634
Education, 554–584. See alsoSchool(s)
as agent of socialization, 152
bilingual, 568
completing formal schooling and, 558,
584
confidence in, 576, 584–585
cultural literacy and, 563–564
gender identity and, 571–572
gender inequality in school and, 569–571
globalization and, 559–564
higher. SeeCollege campuses; Higher edu-
cation
history of, 557–559
home schooling and, 574–575
intelligence and literacy and, 562–563
“marketization” of, 581–582
mobility and, 565–566
No Child Left Behind Act and, 575
political party affiliation and, 470
privatization and, 573–574
racial achievement gap and, 570
school reform and, 572
as social institution, 556–557
structure of, inequality and, 566–568
tracking and, 568–569
in 21st century, 582–583
Educational profile, 560

Efficiency in bureaucracies, 95

Ego, 147–148

Elder care, 366–367

Elderly people, poverty among, 222

“Elderly” status, 77

Elected office. SeePolitical office

Electronic Numerical Integrator and

Computer (ENIAC), 594

Elementary and Secondary School Act of

2002, 575

Embryonic stem cell research, political de-

bate over, 510

EMI, 601

Emigration, 620–622

Emigration rate, 622

Emma(Austen), 349

Emotional problems, 541, 552–553

Empirical verification, 488

Employment, 434–445. See alsoWorkplace

entries

balancing work and family and, 303

blue-collar, 437–438

of children, 231, 349, 373–376

contingent and “on call” work and, 444

forced and bonded labor, 375–376

gender inequality in, 298–304

gender wage gap and, 297, 300–301

glass ceiling and glass escalator and,

301–302

global economies and, 230–231

Hawthorne Effect and, 435

industrial economies and, 420

knowledge work and, 422

labor unions and, 438

manufacturing consent and, 436

part-time, 443

pink-collar, 438–439

poverty and, 221

self-employment and, 442–443

service work and, 439–440

sex segregation in, 299–300

sexual harassment and, 302–303

social mobility and, 227–228

Theory X and Theory Y and, 435–436

in 21st century, 451

unpaid work and, 441–442

white-collar, 436–437

working off the books and, 440–441

working poor and, 440

Encoding/decoding, 598–599

Energy, 642

English

as official language, 48, 66

as a second language, 568

Enron, 183, 185

Environments.See alsoCities; Human envi-

ronment; Natural environment

in 21st century, 647

Epidemiology, 533

Equal Rights Amendment, 309

ESL (English as a second language), 568

Ethics in research, 132–133

Ethnic cleansing, 30

Ethnic groups, 262–275. See also specific

groups

Ethnic identity, sexuality and, 334–335

Ethnicity, 262. See alsoMinority groups;

Race; Race and ethnicity; specific

groups

“choosing,” 271

conflict based on, 271–272

families and, 388–391

race versus, 244–245

social mobility and, 228–229

Ethnic Options(Waters), 271

Ethnocentrism, 42

Ethnography, 115–117

Ethnomethodology, 75

Eugenics, 250

European Americans, 263

families of, 388–389

Everyday work, 539

Everything in Its Path(Erikson), 647

Evolution, political debate over, 509–510

Evolutionary imperative, 283

Exchange as pattern of social interaction, 75

Exogamy, 384

Experiment(s), 111, 112–114, 126

field, 134

Experimental group, 112

Extended family, 386

Extramarital sex, 320, 344–345

Extraneous variables, 112

Facebook, 91

Face work, 74

Fads, 59–60

Failing at Fairness(Sadker), 570

Fair Housing Act of 1968, 254

Fairness of others, perceptions of, 33, 36–37

Family(ies), 380–414

as agent of socialization, 151–152

balancing work with, 303

blended, 408–409

culture and forms of, 383–384

development of, 385–386

divorce and, 406–409

ethnicity and, 388–391

extended, 386

family unit and, 384–385

forming, 391–401

intergenerational and intragenerational

violence in, 410–413

interracial, 400, 414–415

intimate partner violence in, 409–410

as kinship systems, 382–383

marriage and. SeeMarriage

nuclear, 287, 386–388

of origin, 384

parenting and. SeeParenting

of procreation, 384–385

single-parent, 402–403

in 21st century, 413

Family corporations, 431–432

Fans, 606–607

Fashions, 60