Gender and Space in Rural Britain, 1840-1920

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NOTES

Goodman and Mathieson, ‘Introduction:

Gender and Space in Rural Britain, 1840–1920’

1. G. Eliot, ‘Th e Natural History of German Life’ (1856), in T. Pinney (ed.), Th e Essays of
   George Eliot (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1963), pp. 266–99, on pp. 268, 269;
   essay originally published in Westminster Review, 66 ( July 1856).


2. Ibid., p. 269.


3. Ibid., pp. 271, 275.


4. K. Sayer, Women of the Fields: Representations of Rural Women in the Nineteenth Century
   (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1995), p. 7.


5. A. N. Wilson, Th e Victorians (London: Arrow, 2003), p. 31.


6. Payton also explains that by the mid-nineteenth century ‘mining employed one third of
   the working population of Cornwall, with still more working in support activities and
   ancillary trades’. P. Payton, Cornwall: A History (Fowey: Cornwall Editions, 2004), p. 196.


7. Wilson, Th e Victorians, p. 72; P. S. Bagwell, Th e Transport Revolution fr om 1770 (Lon-
   don: Batsford, 1974), p. 93. As an indicator of the rate of spread, between 1838 and
   1852 the railway network expanded from 500 to 7,500 miles of railway tracks across
   England and Wales.


8. Th e degree to which the state was able to exert control over peripheral areas should be qual-
   ifi ed. For example, while the Mines and Collieries Act prohibited women and boys from
   working underground, this practice continued in many mines when not under inspection.


9. G. Eliot, Middlemarch (1871–2), ed. R. Ashton (London: Penguin, 1994), pp. 556, 553.


10. Ibid., p. 553.


11. T. Hardy, Tess of the d’Urbervilles (1891), ed. T. Dolin, intro. M. R. Higonnet (London:
    Penguin, 2003), p. 187.


12. Sayer, Women of the Fields, p. 8.


13. C. Th omas, ‘“See Your Own Country First”: Th e Geography of a Railway Landscape’, in
    E. Westland (ed.), Cornwall: A Cultural Construction of Place (Penzance: Patten Press,
    1997), pp. 107–28.


14. W. J. Keith, ‘Th e Land in Victorian Literature’, in G. E. Mingay (ed.), Th e Victorian Coun-
    tryside, 2 vols (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1981), vol. 1, pp. 136–49, on p. 139.


15. Th omas, ‘“See Your Own Country First”’, p. 115. While Th omas is careful to acknowl-
    edge that ‘we might fi nd in such a recognition evidence of the mytholog y of all golden
    ages’ he argues that ‘this was the period when social, cultural and economic conditions
    appeared most favourable to the railways’.


16. Ibid., p. 118.