CHAPTERTHREE
Jim Motavalli would like to thank the scientists Dr. Paul Epstein of Harvard University, Dr.
Janine Bloomfield of Environmental Defense, Vivien Gornitz and Cynthia Rosenzweig of
NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies, Dr. Dickson Despommier of Columbia
University, and Orrin Pilkey of Duke University. Also invaluable in preparing the chapter
were Dery Bennett of the American Littoral Society (on the web at http://www.alsnyc.org);;)
Brian Unger of the Surfers’ Environmental Alliance (http://www.damoon.net/sea); Scott L.
Douglass of the University of South Alabama (author of the useful Saving America’s Beaches);
Andy Wilner and attorney Deborah A. Mans of the NY/NJ Baykeeper (732-291-0176,
http://www.nynjbaykeeper.org);;) the many-hatted Noreen Bodman, president of the business-
oriented Jersey Shore Partnership; and kayaker supreme Randall Henriksen. Information on
kayaking around Manhattan is available from Henriksen’s New York Kayak at 212-924-1327
or online at http://www.nykayak.com.
Useful books on global warming and the coast include Cornelia Dean’s Against the Tide:
The Battle for America’s Beaches(New York: Columbia University Press, 1999); Orrin H.
Pilkey and Katharine L. Dixon’s The Corps and the Shore(Washington, D.C.: Island Press,
1996); Pilkey and Wallace Kaufman’s The Beaches Are Moving: The Drowning of America’s
Shoreline(Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1979); Lynne T. Edgerton’s The Rising Tide:
Global Warming and World Sea Levels(Washington, D.C.: Natural Resources Defense
Council/Island Press, 1991); and Saving America’s Beaches: The Causes of and Solutions to
Beach Erosionby Scott L. Douglass (River Edge, N.J.: World Scientific Publishing, 2002).
A draft of the report “A Wetlands Climate Change Impact Assessment for the
Metropolitan East Coast Region” by Ellen Kracauer Hartig, Frederick Mushacke, David Fallon,
and Alexander Kolker and prepared for the Center for Climate Systems Research at Columbia
University is available online in PDF format at http://metroeast_climate.ciesin.columbia.edu/
reports/wetlands.pdf.
The homepage for the 2001 “Climate Change and a Global City: An Assessment of the
Metropolitan East Coast Region” report is at Columbia University, http://metroeast_cli-
mate.ciesin.columbia.edu. The executive summary and full synthesis report can be down-
loaded from there.
The Environmental Protection Agency’s James G. Titus is author of the study
“Greenhouse Effect, Sea-Level Rise and Barrier Islands: Case Study of Long Beach Island,
New Jersey,” available online at http://users.erols.com/jtitus/NJ/CM.html.
The Environmental Defense report “Global Warming: Sea-Level Rise and the New York
Metropolitan Region” by staff scientist Janine Bloomfield (with Molly Smith and Nicholas
Thompson) can be downloaded in PDF form at http://www.environmentaldefense.org/pdf.
cfm?ContentID=493&FileName=HotNY.pdf.
Harvard University’s Center for Health and the Global Environment may be contacted at
617-384-8530, or online at http://www.med.harvard.edu/chge. The interested reader can
reach Clean Ocean Action, which focuses on ocean dumping, in Sandy Hook at 732-872-0111,
or online at http://www.cleanoceanaction.org.
CHAPTERFOUR
Dick Russell gathered most of the material for this chapter in extensive interviews conducted
on a trip to the islands of Antigua and Barbuda in January 2003.
Useful background material came from Antigua and Barbuda’s Initial National
Communications on Climate Change, prepared under UNDP Project ANT/97/G31/1G/99, May
2001; Antigua and Barbuda’s First National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity,
prepared under UNDP Project ANT/97/G31/1G, Biodiversity Enabling Activity Project;
Environmental Agenda for the 1990’s, a Synthesis of the Eastern Caribbean Country
178 Endnotes