Pa rT i v Co g n i t i o n a n d s o C i aL i t y
12 What Do Functionally Referential Alarm Calls Refer To?
Marta B. Manser 229
12.1 Introduction • 12.2 Meerkat alarm calls • 12.3 What do functionally referen-
tial alarm calls refer to? • 12.4 Why are some alarm calls considered functionally
referential and not others? • 12.5 Can functionally referential calls be explained by
emotional expression of the signaler? • 12.6 Conclusions • 12.7 Summary
13 Adaptive Trade-offs in the Use of Social and Personal Information
Rachel L. Kendal, Isabelle Coolen & Kevin N. Laland 249
13.1 Introduction • 13.2 “When” strategies • 13.3 “Who” strategies • 13.4 Evolution-
ary implications • 13.5 Summary and future directions
14 The 3E’s Approach to Social Information Use in Birds: Ecology,
Ethology, and Evolutionary History Ira G. Federspiel,
Nicola S. Clayton & Nathan J. Emery 272
14.1 Introduction • 14.2 Case studies • 14.3 Conclusions
15 Prospects Reuven Dukas & John M. Ratcliffe 298
References 301
Contributors 365
Index 367