Bermuda and Hawaii time-series data. Deep-Sea Research II 49: 175–192.
(^) Rona, P.A., Klinkhammer, G., Nelson, T.A., Tefry, J.H. & Elderfield, H. (1986) Black
smokers, massive sulfides and vent biota at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Nature 321: 33–
37.
(^) Roper, D.S., Smith, D.G. & Read, G.B. (1989) Benthos associated with two New
Zealand coastal outfalls. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research
23: 295–309.
(^) Rose, G.A. (2004) Reconciling overfishing and climate change with stock dynamics
of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) over 500 years. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and
Aquatic Sciences 61: 1553–1557.
(^) Rosenberg, A.A. (2003) Managing to the margins: the overexploitation of fisheries.
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1: 102–106.
(^) Rosenberg, A.A., Bolster, W.J., Alexander, K.E. & Leavenworth, W.B. (2005) The
history of ocean resources: modeling cod biomass using historical records. Frontiers
in Ecology the Environment 3: 78–84.
(^) Ross, R.M. & Quetin, L.B. (1984) Spawning frequency and fecundity of the Antarctic
krill Euphausia superba. Marine Biology 77: 201–205.
(^) Ross, R.M., Daly, K.L. & English, T.S. (1982) Reproductive cycle and fecundity of
Euphausia pacifica in Puget Sound, Washington. Limnology and Oceanography 27:
304–315.
(^) Rothschild, B.J. & Osborne, T.R. (1988) Small-scale turbulence and plankton contact
rates. Journal of Plankton Research 10: 465–474.
(^) Round, F.E., Crawford, R.M. & Mann, D.G. (1990) The Diatoms, Biology and
Morphology of the Genera. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 747 pp.
(^) Rouse, G.W., Goffredi, S.K. & Vrijenhoek, R.C. (2004) Osedax: bone-eating marine
worms with dwarf males. Science 305: 668–671.
(^) Rowe, G.T. (1983) Biomass and production of the deep-sea macrobenthos. In: Rowe,
G.T. (ed.) The Sea, Volume 8: Deep-Sea Biology. Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp.
97–121.
(^) Ruddiman, W.F. (2007a) Earth’s Climate: Past and Future, 2nd Edn., W.H. Freeman,
San Francisco, 388 pp.
(^) Ruddiman, W.F. (2007b) The early anthropogenic hypothesis: challenges and
responses. Reviews of Geophysics 45: 2006RG000207R.
(^) Ruhl, H.A. (2008) Community change in the variable resource habitat of the abyssal
northeast Pacific. Ecology 89: 991–1000.
(^) Runge, J.A. (1980) Effects of hunger and season on the feeding behavior of Calanus