Neutel, A.-M., Heesterbeek, J.A.P. and De Ruiter, P.C.
(2002) Stability in real food webs: weak links in long
loops.Science, 296 , 1120–3.
Oaten, A. and Murdoch, W.M. (1975) Functional response
and stability in predator-prey systems.The American
Naturalist, 109 , 289–98.
Odum, E. (1953)Fundamentals of Ecology. Saunders, Phila-
delphia.
Paine, R.T. (1966) Food web complexity and species diver-
sity.The American Naturalist, 100 , 65–75.
Paine, R.T. (1974) Intertidal community structure. Experi-
mental studies on the relationship between a dominant
competitor and its principal predator.Oecologia, 15 ,
93–120.
Paine, R.T. (1980) Food webs, linkage interaction strength,
and community infrastructure.Journal of Animal Ecolo-
gy, 49 , 667–85.
Pimm, S.L., Lawton, J.H. and Cohen, J.E. (1991) Food
web patterns and their consequences.Nature, 350 ,669–74.
Power, M.E., Tilman, D., Estes, J.,et al. (1996) Challenges
in the quest for keystones.BioScience, 46 , 609–20.
Rall, B.C., Guill, C. and Brose, U. (2008) Food-web
connectance and predator interference dampen the
paradox of enrichment.Oikos, 117 , 202–13.
Real, L.A. (1977) Kinetics of functional response.The
American Naturalist, 111 , 289–300.
Stouffer, D.B., Camacho, J., Guimera, R.,et al. (2005) Quan-
titative patterns in the structure of model and empirical
food webs.Ecology, 86 , 1301–11.
Stouffer, D.B., Camacho, J. and Amaral, L.A.N. (2006) A
robust measure of food web intervality.Proceedings of
the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of
America, 103 , 19015–20.
Stouffer, D.B., Camacho, J., Jiang, W. and Amaral, L.A.N.
(2007) Evidence for the existence of a robust pattern of
prey selection in food webs.Proceedings of the Royal
Society B-Biological Sciences, 274 , 1931–40.
Strogatz, S.H. (2001) Exploring complex networks.Nature,
410 , 268–76.
Vandermeer, J. (2006) Omnivory and the stability of food
webs.Journal of Theoretical Biology, 238 , 497–504.
Volterra,V. (1926) Fluctuations in the abundance of a
species considered mathematically.Nature, 118 , 558–60.
Weitz, J.S. and Levin, S.A. (2006) Size and scaling of pred-
ator-prey dynamics.Ecology Letters, 9 , 548–57.
Williams, R.J. and Martinez, N.D. (2000) Simple rules yield
complex food webs.Nature, 404 , 180–3.
Williams, R.J. and Martinez, N.D. (2004) Stabilization of
chaotic and non-permanent food web dynamics.Euro-
pean Physical Journal B, 38 , 297–303.
Williams, R.J., Martinez, N.D., Berlow, E.L.,et al. (2002)
Two degrees of separation in complex food webs.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America, 99 , 12913–16.
Yodzis, P. (1981) The stability of real ecosystems.Nature,
289 , 674–6.
Yodzis, P. (2000) Diffuse effects in food webs.Ecology, 81 ,
261–6.
Yodzis, P. and Innes, S. (1992) Body size and consumer-
resource dynamics.The American Naturalist, 139 , 1151–75.
Chapter 4
Ackerly, D.D. and Cornwell, W.K. (2007) A trait-based
approach to community assembly: partitioning of spe-
cies trait values into within- and among-community
components.Ecology Letters, 10 , 135–45.
Almany, G.R. (2003) Priority effects in coral reef fish com-
munities.Ecology, 84 , 1920–35.
Barkai, A. and McQuaid, C. (1988) Predator-prey role rever-
sal in a marine benthic ecosystem.Science, 242 , 62–4.
Belyea, L.R. and Lancaster, J. (1999) Assembly rules within
a contingent ecology.Oikos, 86 , 402–16.
Bertness, M.D., Trussell, G.C., Ewanchuk, P.J. and Silli-
man, B.R. (2004) Do alternate stable community states
exist in the Gulf of Maine rocky intertidal zone? Reply.
Ecology 85 , 1165–7.
Cadotte, M.W. (2006) Metacommunity influences on com-
munity richness at multiple spatial scales: a microcosm
experiment.Ecology, 87 , 1008–16.
Cadotte, M.W. (2007) Competition-colonization trade-offs
and disturbance effects at multiple scales.Ecology, 88 ,
823–9.
Cadotte, M.W. and Fukami, T. (2005) Dispersal, spatial
scale and species diversity in a hierarchically structured
experimental landscape.Ecology Letters, 8 , 548–57.
Chase, J.M. (2003) Community assembly: when should
history matter?Oecologia, 136 , 489–98.
Chase, J.M. (2007) Drought mediates the importance of
stochastic community assembly.Proceedings of the Na-
tional Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
104 , 17430–4.
Clements, F.E. (1916) Plant Succession: Analysis of
the Development of Vegetation. Publication no. 242. Car-
negie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC.
Connor, E.F. and Simberloff, D. (1979) The assembly of
species communities: chance or competition?Ecology,
60 , 1132–40.
Denslow, J.S. (1980) Patterns of plant species diversity
during succession under different disturbance regimes.
Oecologia, 46 , 18–21.
Diamond, J.M. (1975) Assembly of species communities. In
Ecology and Evolution of Communities(eds M.L. Cody and
J.M. Diamond), pp. 342–444, Belknap, Cambridge, MA.
210 REFERENCES