CSS Master

Authoredstylerulesprecedeuseragentstyles.Thesearethebrowser’sowndefault stylesthathaveanimpactonyoursite’slookandfeel.^1 Propert ...

Spotting Invalid Properties and Values Youcanalsousetheelementinspectortospotinvalidpropertiesorpropertyvalues. InChromeandOpera ...

Figure 3.8. An invalid CSS property value in Safari MicrosoftEdgealsousesastrike-throughtoindicateinvalidrules.However,Internet ...

EarlierversionsofInternetExplorerandcurrentversionsofFirefoxignoreunrecog- nizedpropertiesandvalues,anddon’tdisplaytheminthestyl ...

Figure 3.11. Emulating mobile devices and network speeds using your desktop browser Firefox InFirefox,theequivalentmodeisknownas ...

Figure 3.13. Responsive mode in action in Firefox 35 Microsft Edge and Internet Explorer 1 1 BothMicrosoftEdgeandInternetExplore ...

Figure 3.14. SitePoint.com using Internet Explorer 1 1 ’s device emulation mode Inadditiontomimickingorientationandresolution,em ...

Figure 3.15. SitePoint.com as viewed using Safari 9’s responsive design mode ToenterSafari 9 ’sresponsivedesignmode,selectDevelo ...

becausetheyforcethebrowsertorecalculatetheheight,width,andpositionof otherelementsinthedocument. Repaintsaresimilartoreflowsinth ...

Dependingonwhichbrowseryouuse,youmayseedataimmediatelyorafteryou stoprecording.SafariandFirefoxdisplaydatainrealtime,whileChrome ...

<script type="text/javascript" src="toggle-move-class.js"> ➥</script> </body> </html> Figure 3.16. Our H ...

div { background: #36f; margin-bottom: 1em; width: 30px; height: 30px; position: relative; left: 0; transition: left 2s ease-in; ...

Figure 3.18. The same again in Chrome Figure 3.19. Internet Explorer 11 timeline output for left-position transition 112 CSS Mas ...

Figure 3.20. And how it looks in Firefox Thereasonforthestylecalculationsandrepaintshastodowiththepropertywe’re transitioning:le ...

.moved { transform: translateX(1000px); } Herewe’reusingatransformandtransitioningbteweentranslateX(0)and translateX(1000px). In ...

Figure 3.22. The same for Chrome, this time utilizing the transform property Figure 3.23. How it looks in Internet Explorer 1 1 ...

Figure 3.24. Firefox timeline output for a transition of the transform property Identifying Lines to Remove Unfortunately,therei ...

MinificationinthecontextofCSSsimplymeans“removingexcesscharacters.” Consider,forexample,thisblockofcode: h1 { font: 16px / 1.5 ' ...

it’sinstalledwhenNPMprintsitsinstallationpathtothecommandlinewindow, andthecommandlinepromptreappears,asdepictedinFigure3.25. Fi ...

csso style.css style.min.css Bydefault,CSSOwillrearrangepartsofyourCSS.Itwill,forexample,mergede- clarationblockswithduplicateds ...