Chapter 14 Disorders of the Pelvic Limb: Diagnosis and Treatment 383increased expression of COX‐2, TGF‐beta 1,
collagen I, and collagen II (Kosaka et al., 2011).
Mesenchymal stem cell therapy and/or platelet‐
rich plasma therapy has also shown promising
results in improving tendon healing (Chen
et al., 2012; Nourissat et al., 2010).
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Figure 14.36 Achilles tendon avulsion. Hinged tarsal
orthotic devices can be custom molded following surgery.