Devita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer

LWBK1006-29 LWW-Govindan-Review December 9, 2011 15:36

412 DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg’s CANCER: Principles and Practice of Oncology Review

of the human fetus. It has a long half-life of 7 days. Human chorionic

gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein secreted by the placenta. Patients

with non-yolk sac tumors, such as embryonal carcinoma, choriocarci-

noma, and malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary, have elevated hCG

levels. hCG has a short half-life of 24 to 36 hours.

Answer 29.49. The answer is B.

Transscrotal biopsy contaminates the scrotum and the lymphatic drainage

to the inguinal lymph nodes and prevents high ligation of the spermatic

cord. All scrotal masses should be explored through an inguinal incision.

If the tumor is malignant, high ligation of the spermatic cord should be

performed at the internal ring. With adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of

PVB or PEB, 5-year survival rates for germ cell tumors are more than 80%,

even for advanced-stage disease. Radiation is reserved only for recurrent

or refractory disease.

Answer 29.50. The answer is A.

A localized testicular tumor that is resected in the right fashion by high

orchiectomy qualifies for close observation only. All others use adjuvant

chemotherapy.

Answer 29.51. The answer is C.

Ewing sarcoma is associated witht(11;22) and synovial sarcoma is associ-

ated witht(x;11). Cytogenetic abnormalities seen in Wilm’s tumor include

del11p13 andt(3;17), and retinoblastoma is associated with del13q14.

Answer 29.52. The answer is C.

Fanconi anemia is associated with a high risk of developing MDS, AML,

and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.