Devita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer

LWBK1006-03 LWW-Govindan-Review November 24, 2011 11:19

36 DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg’s CANCER: Principles and Practice of Oncology Review

Question 3.15. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) syndrome is characterized by the

following, EXCEPT:

A. It results from mutations in theAPCgene.

B. There is an almost 100% risk of developing colon cancer by age

40 years.

C. Increased risk of desmoid tumors.

D. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be recom-

mended in place of prophylactic colectomy to reduce the risk of colon

cancer.

Question 3.16. p53 protein is characterized by the following, EXCEPT:

A. It is a DNA-binding transcription factor.

B. Is activated in response to cellular stress.

C. Mutations of p53 are common in hereditary cancer syndromes but

rare in sporadic cancers.

D. Germ line mutations of p53 are the cause of Li–Fraumeni syndrome.

Question 3.17. Hereditary cancer syndromes more commonly:

A. Result from gain-of-function mutations

B. Result from loss-of-function mutations

C. Result from abnormality of genes that promote angiogenesis

D. None of the above

Question 3.18. Von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) gene:

A. Encodes a ubiquitin ligase to target HIF 1a and HIF 2a for degrada-

tion

B. Enhances angiogenesis

C. Is mutated in renal cell cancers in patients with VHL syndrome but

not in sporadic renal cell cancers

D. None of the above

Question 3.19. Alteration in PTEN gene and cancer susceptibility are characterized by

the following, EXCEPT:

A. Loss of one PTEN allele can lead to cancer, but loss of both alleles is

anticancer.

B. Patients inherit a mutation in thePTENgene and then require a

second hit to the normal allele to develop cancer.

C. Variations in PTEN expression rather than complete loss may lead to

carcinogenesis.

D. Pharmacologic manipulation toward complete loss of PTEN expres-

sion in cancer cells may help in cancer prevention and/or therapy.