administered in a decentralized fashion, which compounds the problems of
policy fragmentation. It is unclear, however, whether these conditions clearly
differentiate China and Taiwan from most other states.
ENDNOTES
- Constitution of the People’s Republic of China (adopted at the Fifth Session of the Fifth
National People’s Congress on December 4, 1982 and promulgated for implementation by
the Proclamation of the National People’s Congress on 4 December, 1982). - For a list of domestic laws and regulations related to biodiversity in China, see: http://
http://www.zhb.gov.cn/english/biodiv/domestic_law_en/domestic_law?en.htm, last accessed 29
June, 2005; for a chronology of ‘key events in the development of China’s biodiversity
conservation’, see: http://www.chinabiodiversity.com/shengwudyx2/experiences-lessons/
34p-table3.htm, last accessed 1 August, 2005. For a review of environmental law and
regulations, see Zheng Yisheng (ed.) (2001),China Environment and Development Review
(I)(in Chinese), Beijing: Social Sciences Documentation Publishing House, pp. 309–21. - Palmer, Michael (1998), ‘Environmental regulation in the People’s Republic of China:
the face of domestic law’, China Quarterly, (156) (December), 806. Also see Tang Shui-
Yan, Carlos Wing-Hung Lo, Kai-Chee Cheung and Jack Man-Keung Lo (1997),
‘Institutional constraints on environmental management in urban China: environmental
impact assessment in Guangzhou and Shanghai’, China Quarterly, (152) (December),
863–74. - For a preliminary analysis of the EIA, see Squire, Sanders and Dempsey LLP (2003), ‘China
adopts law on environmental impact assessment’, China Update, January. - Palmer, 1998, op cit, n. 3, p. 804.
- For a brief history of the protection and management of wildlife resources in China, see
Forty Years of Chinese Forestry: 1949–99(in Chinese), Beijing: State Forestry Publishing,
1999, pp. 193–99. - See Lan Xiaoci (2004), ‘Study on natural forest protection legislation’ (in Chinese),
Northeast Forestry University, MS thesis. Also see Zhang Zhiping (2001), ‘Improvement of
forestry law and sustainable development’, Journal of Nanjing Forestry University, 1 (4)
(December), 34–37. - See Zheng Zhengrong (2004), ‘Study of Essential System of Forest Law of China’ (in
Chinese), Northeast Forestry University, MS thesis. - For perspectives on conflicts in the implementation of this law, see Wu Ning (1997),
‘Indigenous knowledge and sustainable approaches for the maintenance of biodiversity in
nomadic society’, Die Erde, (128), 67–80 and Emily T. Yeh (2003), ‘Tibetan range wars:
spatial politics and authority on the grasslands of Ambdo’, Development and Change, 34 (3),
499–523. - Sayer, Jeffrey A. and Changjin Sun, ‘Impacts of policy reforms on forest environments and
biodiversity’, in William F. Hyde, Brian Belcher and Jintao Xu (eds) (2003), China’s
Forests: Global Lessons from Market Reforms, Washington, DC: Resources for the Future,
p. 181. - For a comparison of the WACA to the American Endangered Species Act, see Li Zheng
(2003), ‘Consideration from US Endangered Species Act (1973) to China’s Wild Animal
Protective Act (1988)’, Yunnan Environmental Science, 22 (2) (June), 38–41 (in Chinese
with English abstract). - See, for example, Qin Yu-feng (2004), ‘Legislative necessity for wetland protection in our
country’, Academic Exchange, 124 (7) (July), 29–32 (in Chinese with English abstract);
Wang Yue-xian and Gang Wang (2004), ‘On the necessity and possibility to establish
China’s wetland resources conservation law’, Journal of Heilongjiang Administrative Cadre
Institute of Politics and Law, 43 (4) (April), 26–28 (in Chinese with English abstract); and
Wetlands International (2004), ‘Summary on implementation of the state council notice and
The framework for biodiversity conservation 95