Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Methods and Protocols

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A combination of techniques such as cell sorting based on cell surface
and intracellular protein marker, in vitro functional assays, and xeno-
transplantation is commonly in use to identify CSCs in different
carcinomas including esophageal adenocarcinoma. Table 1 presents
the markers used to identify CSCs in esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Table 1
Markers used to identify CSCs in esophageal adenocarcinoma


Markers Assay methods References

ALDH1 FACS [ 6 ]
Cell proliferation
Spheres formation
Xenograft mouse model
CD44+/CD24− FACS [ 7 ]
Colony formation
Xenotransplantation
Immunohistochemistry
Immunofluorescence
ALDH FACS [ 8 ]
Colony formation
Spheres formation
Patients-derived xenograft model
Integrin α 6 bright/CD71dim Achaete-scute
complex homolog^2

FACS [ 9 ]

Spheres formation
Colony formation
Xenotransplantation
Chemo-sensitivity
Immunohistochemistry
Hoechst 33342/SP cells FACS [ 1 ]
Colony formation
Soft agar
Xenograft mouse model
Immunofluorescence

FACS: fluorescence-activated cell sorting


Farhadul Islam et al.
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