City. Each link of the chain in this example is shown as a separate
business.
Chains
Other chains could have supplied our office worker in New York City
with the same peach picked the same day at the same farm in Georgia.
The peach could have been purchased from a street vendor who con-
tracts for fruit from a wholesale dealer operating a warehouse at the
Hunt’s Point Terminal Market. The truck could have had air suspension
rather than metal springs. The container could have included packing
trays to form layers of fruit rather than being packed in bulk.
Examples of Visual Models 271FIGURE 14.1Businesses are represented as links in a chain for a fresh produce deal.
Intensity changes along an arrow indicate increasing value or decreasing magnitudes of
money, product, or quality. Information flows from consumer to grower, among links,
and between links and supporting organizations. The circle is dotted to emphasize that
the chain is not a system with a defined boundary.