Cannabinoids

Cannabinoid Control of Motor Function at the Basal Ganglia 493

Table 2.

Potential therapeutic effects of cannabinoid-related compounds in basal ganglia disorders

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Compound

Disease

Therapeutic application

Plant-derived cannabinoids

9 -THC

Huntington’s disease

Reduction of striatal injury in 3NP

rat model (Lastres-Becker et al. 2004b)

Divergent effects on striatal injury in the malonate rat model (Lastres-Becker

et al. 2003c; Aroyo et al. 2005)

Parkinson’s disease

Reduction of dopaminergic injury in the 6-hydro

xydopamine rat model (Lastres-Becker et al. 2004a)

Failure to alleviate symptoms in PD patients (reviewed by Consroe 1998)

Tourette’s syndrome

Reduction of tics and obsessive-compulsive behaviors

(reviewed by Müller-Vahl 2003)

Cannabidiol

Huntington’s disease

Failure to reduce hyperkinetic

movements in HD patients (reviewed by Consroe 1998)

Poor neuroprotective action in the malonate rat model (Aroyo et al. 2005)

Parkinson’s disease

Reduction of dopaminergic injury in the 6-h

ydroxydopamine rat model (Lastres-Becker et al. 2004a)

Synthetic cannabinoidsCP 55,940

Huntington’s disease

Certain antihyperkinetic ac

tivity in 3NP-lesioned rats (Lastres-Becker et al. 2003a)

Parkinson’s disease

Potentialreductionoftremorbyreducingtheoverac

tivityofthesubthalamicnucleusinthe6-hydroxydopamineratmodel

(Sañudo-Peña et al. 1998)

Nabilone

Huntington’s disease

Increase of hyperkinesia (choreic mo

vements) in HD patients (Müller-Vahl et al. 1999b)

Parkinson’s disease

Reduction of

l-dopa-induced dyskinesia in PD patients (Sieradzan et al. 2001)

Dystonia

No effects in patients with generalized and segmental primary dystonia (Fox et al. 2002b)

WIN 55,212-2

Parkinson’s disease

Reduction of

l-dopa-induced dyskinesia in rat models of PD (Segovia et al. 2003; Ferrer et al.

2003)

Dystonia

Antidystonic effects in mutant dysto

nic hamsters (Richter and Löscher 1994, 2002)

HU308

Huntington’s disease

Reduction of GABAergic injur

y in the malonate rat model; reversed by SR144528 (Aroyo et al. 2005)

Endogenous cannabinoidsAnandamide

Huntington’s disease

Certain antihyperkinetic

activity in 3NP-lesioned rats (possibly VR1-mediated effect) (Lastres-Becker et al. 2002a)