Evolution, 4th Edition

THE GEoGRAPHy of EvoluTion 479 Organisms sometimes disperse long distances over unsuitable habitat, resulting in rare, even unli ...

480 CHAPTER 18 occur if species successively dispersed to new islands as they were formed, did not disperse from younger to olde ...

THE GEoGRAPHy of EvoluTion 481 Futuyma Kirkpatrick Evolution, 4e Sinauer Associates Troutt Visual Services Evolution4e_18.13.ai ...

482 CHAPTER 18 D iSPERSAl liMiTATionS The border of a species’ geographic range is some- times set by utterly unfavorable condit ...

THE GEoGRAPHy of EvoluTion 483 human-caused climate change; for instance, both the northern (or higher) and southern (or lower) ...

484 CHAPTER 18 Related species often exhibit phylogenetic niche conservatism: similar ecologi- cal requirements that they have i ...

THE GEoGRAPHy of EvoluTion 485 longer time in tropical than in extratropical environments. During the Cretaceous and the first 6 ...

486 CHAPTER 18 clades first inhabited the region (FIGURE 18.20B). It appears that tropical regions have simply had more time to ...

■■Biogeography, the study of organisms’ geo- graphic distributions, has both historical and ecological components. Certain distr ...

The ratites are a very old clade of flightless birds that include the ostriches in Africa, rheas in South America, emu and cass ...

18_EVOL4E_CH18.indd 489 3/22/17 1:39 PM ...

19_EVOL4E_CH19.indd 490 3/22/17 1:42 PM ...

The exploration of space must count as one of humanity’s greatest, most astonishing achievements. Spacecraft have landed on the ...

492 CHAPTER 19 of webspinners (Embioptera), but 350,000 beetles (Coleoptera), with possibly a million others awaiting descriptio ...

THE EvoluTion of BiologiCAl DivERsiTy 493 affected by current and future environmental changes, such as the global climate chang ...

494 CHAPTER 19 of species diversification (D), or in the maximum number of species (K) the regions can support at equilibrium (s ...

T HE EvoluTion of BiologiCAl DivERsiTy 495 This discussion illustrates a fundamentally important aspect of every scien- tific di ...

496 CHAPTER 19 variety of different modes of life and associated adaptations is far greater now than in the Cambrian (FIGURE 19. ...

T HE EvoluTion of BiologiCAl DivERsiTy 497 What might account for these declines? Our first thought might be that species become ...

498 CHAPTER 19 Futuyma Kirkpatrick Evolution, 4e Sinauer Associates Troutt Visual Services Evolution4e_19.07.ai Date 03-16-17 (A ...