Evolution, 4th Edition

I–32 INDEX

Wolves, 561

Womb, parent-offspring conflict and, 308

Wombats, 460

Wood-warblers, 506–507

Woodcreepers, 482, 483

Woodpecker finch, 29

Woodpeckers, 425

Woolly mammoth, 463

Workers (eusocial animals), 63, 308–310

Worm snake (Carphophis amoenus), 283

Wright, Sewall, 16 , 126, 127, 180

Wúrm glacial episode, 463

Wyeomyia smithii (pitcher-plant mosquito), 59

X

X chromosomes

gene trafficking in Drosophila, 354

genomic islands of speciation in Anopheles

mosquitoes, 242

homosexuality and, 595, 596

recombination and, 268

sex determination and, 249, 250

sex ratios and, 423

Xanthopan morganii praedicta (long-tongued

sphinx moth), 321, 322

Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous, 38

Xenarthra, 408 , 460–461, 462 , 472, 473

Xenomystus, 352

Xenopirostris, 51

Xenopus, 390–391

Xiphidae, 71

Xiphophorus helleri (greensword tail), 258

Y

Y chromosomes

selective interference and, 268

sex determination and, 249, 250

sex ratios and, 423

Yaks, 561

Yams, 560 , 561

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium), 198, 233

Yeasts

adaptation and rescue from extinction,

148–149

number of protein-coding genes, 346

ruby-in-the-rubbish effect and, 478

Yellow baboon (Papio cynocephalus), 298

Yellow-crowned night heron (Nyctanassa

violacea), 246

Yellow-emperor (Ymp) gene, 349

Yellow fever, 356

Yellow gene, 383, 384

Yellow-headed jawfish (Opistognathus

aurifrons), 274

Yellow protein, 377

Yellow yam, 560

Yokoyama, Shozo, 421

Yoruba people, 556 , 557

Young, Nathan, 388

Yucca moths, 334, 335

Yuccas (Yucca), 334, 335

Z

Z chromosomes, 249, 250 , 423

Zanclidae, 71

Zea mays. See Corn

Zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), 173,

176–177

Zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio), 581

Zigzag nerite (Neritina communis), 78

Zika virus, 356

Zonotricha leucophrys (white-crowned

sparrow), 98

Zosterophyllopsida, 446

Zygentoma (silverfishes), 404, 450

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