Evolution, 4th Edition

THE TREE of LifE 51

Futuyma Kirkpatrick Evolution, 4e

Sinauer Associates

Troutt Visual Services

Evolution4e_02.24.ai Date 11-02-2016

Vanga

Pseudobias

Euryceros

Schetba

Xenopirostris

Oriolia

Artamella

Falculea

Cyanolanius

Leptopterus

Mystacornis

Hypositta

Tylas

Calicalicus

Newtonia

Futuyma Kirkpatrick Evolution, 4e

Sinauer Associates

Troutt Visual Services

Evolution4e_02.25.ai Date 12-09-2016

(A) Argyroxiphium sandwicense (B) Wilkesia gymnoxiphium (C) Dubautia menziesii

FIGURE 2.25 Some members of the Hawaiian silversword alliance:

closely related species with different growth forms. (A) Argyroxiphium

sandwicense, a rosette plant that lacks a stem except when flowering

(as it is here). (B) Wilkesia gymnoxiphium, a stemmed rosette plant. (C)

Dubautia menziesii, a small shrub.

FIGURE 2.24 A spectacular adaptive radia-

tion, the vangas of Madagascar. (After [30],

bird illustrations by Velizar Simeonowski.)

02_EVOL4E_CH02.indd 51 3/23/17 8:59 AM