Timothy Parrish, “Becoming Black: Zuckerman’s Bifurcating Self in
The Human Stain ,” in Philip Roth: New Perspectives on an American
Author, ed. Derek Parker Royal (Westport: Greenwood Publishing,
2005), pp. 209–224 (p. 211).
See Edwin Black, War against the Weak: Eugenics and America’s
Campaign To Create a Master R ace (New York and London: Four Walls
Eight Windows, 2004), pp. 63–72.
2 3. I b i d. , p p. 8 7 – 9 1.
2 4. P h i l i p R o t h , The Human Stain (London: Vintage, 2005), p. 106.
2 5. P h i l i p R o t h , Portnoy’s Complaint (London: Vintage, 1995), pp. 7–8.
2 6. P h i l i p R o t h , Indignation (London: Vintage, 2009), p. 1.
2 7. I b i d. , p. 3.
2 8. M a c h e r e y , Theory , p. 68.
William Faulkner, Absalom, Absalom! (London: Vintage, 2005),
pp. 249–255.
3 0. I b i d. , p. 2 2 6.
3 1. I b i d.
3 2. I b i d , p. 2 0 6.
3 3. A m a n d a A n d e r s o n , The Powers of Distance: Cosmopolitanism and the
Cultivation of Detachment (New Jersey: Princeton University Press,
2001), p. 32.
3 4. M a c h e r e y , Materialist , p. 102.
3 5. A b o u l a f i a , Tr a n s c e n d e n c e , p. 8.
3 6. P h i l i p R o t h , American Pastoral (London: Vintage, 1998), p. 35.
3 7. R o y a l , Pastoral, p. 138.
Bonnie Lyons, “Philip Roth’s American Tragedies,” in Turning Up
the Flame: Philip Roth’s Later Novels, ed. Jay L. Halio and Ben Siegel
(Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2005), pp. 125–130.
3 9. I b i d. , p. 1 2 6.
4 0. I b i d.
Terry Eagleton, Sweet Violence: The Idea of the Tragic (Malden and
Oxford: Blackwell, 2003), p. 147.
4 2. E a g l e t o n , Sweet Violence , p. 280.
4 3. P a u l G i l r o y , Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness
(London: Verso, 1993), p. 73 (188) and Edward Said, Orientalism
(London: Penguin, 2001).
4 4. P o s n o c k , Tr u t h , p. 63.
4 5. S e e P o s n o c k , Tr u t h ; Alex Hobbs, “Reading the Body in Philip Roth’s
American Pastoral ,” Philip Roth Studies , 6 (2010) 69–83; and Philip
Abbott, ‘“Bryan, Bryan, Bryan, Bryan’: Democratic Theory, Populism,
