88 Geaves
of loyalty remains an intractable problem to this day for British Muslims. Both
Quilliam and Pickthall were members of an elite class with extensive influ-
ential contacts in the British establishment but both men could not escape
the consequences of their public support for Turkey during a period of war. In
spite of their similarities each one was to find himself at odds with the other
as various shades of Pan-Islamism manifested as a response to the crises in the
Muslim world. Each was to find themselves at odds with a rapidly changing
world order.