euro-Mediterranean Migration futures 65
1.5.4 Freedom and democracy
When Martin and Taylor (1996: 58) hypothesised that emigration tends to
decrease steeply if the income differential between sending and receiving
countries declines to f igures between 1:4 and 1:5, they emphatically added
Figure 1.17 GDP per capita, US$, 1970–2006
0
1,000
2,00 0
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1970197319761979198219851988199119941997200020032006
Per capita
GDP Morocco
Egypt
Turkey
Source: International Monetary Fund
Figure 1.18 Per capita GDP, in US$ adjusted for purchasing power parity,
1980–2008
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
198019821984198619881990199219941996199820002002200420062008
Per capita
GDP purchasing power parity
Germany
Spain
Poland
Turkey
Morocco
Egypt
Source: International Monetary Fund