Index 499
Tianjin, 41, 44, 305, 362, 364, 366,
369–70, 386, 391, 396
Tianyai Haijiao, 65
Tonkin, 39–40, 45, 48, 65, 378, 382,
385, 389
tosen trade, 38–42
traders: Armenians, 17–8; Bugis,
29–31; Chinese, 17–20, 23, 26,
29–45, 48; see also 345–414;
Europeans, 29, 31, 34, 39,
45–50, 101–46,247–50, 296,
307, 312, 360, 366, 383, 400;
fanshan (foreign merchants),
20, 22; Gujaratis, 17–8,
28–9, 47; Indians, 14–5, 17,
24; Japanese, 36–8, 113,
136, 141, 250, 252; Javanese,
18, 30–2, 38; Makassarese,
29–31; Malays, 17, 30–1;
gentry–merchant/ “merchant
gentlemen” /wholesalers,
26, 32, 35, 242–60; peddlers,
5–6, 26, 31, 35, 379; see also
242–60; Ryukyuans, 245;
Siamese, 17; West Asian
Muslims (Arabs, Persians,
Turks, & others), 7, 14–7, 20–2,
24–5, 27–9, 347, 370
tributary missions/trade, 37, 58, 94,
107, 108, 112–3,133–8, 140,
146, 198, 201, 204, 245–6,
259, 267–8, 272, 281, 434–6,
439
Tu Zemin, 282–3
Vietnam, see Annam
Wang Tao, 69–70, 88, 181
Wei Yuan, 73–4, 81, 98, 176, 181–3,
190, 193
Wo(kou), 70–2, 74, 81, 85, 90, 94–5,
117, 245–6, 249, 252–8, 270,
273, 281
Xiamen, see Amoy
xiaomin (“little people”), 207–41,
242–60; see also 262, 277, 279
Xu Fuyuan, 90, 282–3
Xu Guangjin, 152, 157, 160–4, 461–3
Xu Guangqi, 90–1, 94–6, 100, 216,
220, 262, 284
Xu Jiyu, 147–74; see also 176, 190
Xu Xueju, 69, 284, 286, 288Yi Jing, 14, 18
yiwu, 147, 173, 181
Yu Dayou, 73–4, 84–5, 125
Yue 越, 10
Yue 粤, see Chaozhou
Yuegang (Haicheng), 33–4, 46, 124,
127, 255, 259, 263, 284–5,
289, 291, 347, 363, 371–2,
408, 414Zayton, see Quanzhou
Zhangzhou, 79–80, 82, 85, 90, 92,
107–8, 114, 122–4, 127–8,
132, 263, 275, 280, 283, 285,
288, 296, 298, 346, 363–4,
379, 381, 383, 386, 463; see
also 207–41, 242–60
Zheng Chenggong (Coxinga), 39, 41,
73–5, 80, 85–6, 98, 301, 363
Zheng He, 16, 26, 33, 73, 193, 261,
268, 371
Zheng Ruozeng, 72
Zheng Zilong (Nicholas Iquan), 74–5
Zhoushan (Chusan), 67, 80–1, 183,
199
Zhu Wan, 91, 117–8, 120–4, 128–31,
133, 140–5, 248–9, 257,
273–80, 282, 284
Zoumaxi Incident, 101, 122–33