50 Europe The Economist May 14th 2022
TheFrenchleft
NUPES and dupes
I
napoliticaltakeoverthatupendsthe
past halfcentury’s political order, the
radical French left has swallowed the cen
treleft. JeanLuc Mélenchon, a 70yearold
firebrand with a gift for oratory and a fond
ness for Latin American autocrats,
launched on May 7th an electoral alliance
ahead of next month’s parliamentary elec
tions. Snappily named the “New Popular,
Environmental and Social Union”, or nu-
pes, its main purpose is captured in his
election poster: “Mélenchon, prime minis
ter”. To the dismay of oldtime moderates,
the Socialists and Greens (as well as the
Communists) have officially signed up.
Mr Mélenchon has pulled off this coup
thanks to his 22% of the vote, and third
place finish, in the first round of last
month’s presidential election. The anti
nato Eurosceptic, who is against arming
Ukraine, vastly outperformed all other left
wing candidates, including those of the
Greens (4.6%), Communists (2.3%) and the
oncemainstream Socialists (just 1.8%).
This has enabled Mr Mélenchon more or
less to dictate terms. His party’s candidates
will stand in 328 of France’s 577 constituen
cies; the Socialists in just 70.
The terms of the alliance include pledg
es to lower the pension age from 62 years to
60, impose rent controls and price controls
on basic goods, put unionists on company
boards and bring back the wealth tax. The
pronuclear Communists have accepted its
antinuclear stance. The centrepiece,
though, is “disobedience” of the European
Union’s rules on deficits, competition and
farm support, among others. A former So
cialist senator, Mr Mélenchon quit the par
ty in 2008 partly due to his Euroscepticism.
He once published a book about “the Ger
man poison”, in which he called Angela
Merkel’s Germany “a monster”. To win over
the proEuropean Socialists, the joint
agreement speaks of their promise to “de
rogate” from certain rules rather than to
“disobey” them. But nobody is fooled as to
whose version would ultimately prevail.
Mr Mélenchon’s deal has raised hopes
in some quarters on the left that it could
now take over the National Assembly at
elections on June 12th and 19th. If so, this
would not only block almost all of Presi
dent Emmanuel Macron’s planned reforms
for his second term but also undo those he
has implemented. “Everything is becom
ing possible” ran the front page of Libéra-
tion, a leftleaning newspaper. Thomas Pi
ketty, a French economist, welcomed “the
return of social and fiscal justice”, noting
that this leftwing alliance is less ambi
tious than the one that came to power in
1936 (under Léon Blum) or 1981 (under Fran
çois Mitterrand). On his blog on May 10th,
Mr Mélenchon referred jauntily to Mr Mac
ron’s (as yet unidentified) new prime min
ister as “my predecessor”.
The pact has stunned many on the cen
treleft, however. François Hollande, a So
cialist former president, called it “unac
ceptable” and the new alliance unelect
able. Ten years ago his party held the presi
dency, both houses of parliament, and a
majority of regions and big cities. This
agreement gives them just two constituen
cies in the whole of Paris, and—pointed
ly—not even Mr Hollande’s former constit
uency in Corrèze. Bernard Cazeneuve, Mr
Hollande’s former prime minister, quit the
party in sorrow.
Can Mr Mélenchon really grab the
prime ministership? He certainly has mo
mentum. Young voters are drawn to his
strong green policies. He has become the
secondmost popular politician in France,
according to one poll. Yet under the coun
try’s tworound, firstpastthepost voting
system, he will struggle if voters on the
right swing behind Macronbacked candi
dates in secondround runoffs. A new poll
suggests that Mr Mélenchon could secure
135165 seats, which would make his alli
ance the secondbiggest force in parlia
ment. But it still projects 310350seatsfor
Mr Macron’s coalition of centristparties, a
comfortable presidential majority. n
P ARIS
A new left-wing alliance wants to
block Macron
T
he danish tvseries“Borgen”in
troduced Europe’s madly intricate
coalition politics to viewers in simpler
lands such as America and Britain. The
show’s first three seasons, which aired in
201013, followed Birgitte Nyborg (played
by Sidse Babett Knudsen), leader of the
fictional Moderates, as she became Den
mark’s first female prime minister, then
resigned and founded a new party. Strik
ing compromises and pursuing liberal
values, Nyborg was a heroine for her
time. American Democrats wishing for
Danishstyle health care (or at least hygge
and cardamom buns) fell in love. Soon
Denmark had a real female prime min
ister, Helle ThorningSchmidt.
Nineyearslater“Borgen”isback,and
its fourth season shows how Denmark
and Europe have changed. Nyborg is now
foreign minister in a government in
which the leaders of the main parties are
women (as in most Nordic countries).
This has not rendered politics less vi
cious. She is exasperated by the radical
ism of today’s youth, notably her own
son. In a side plot, the white head of
news at the national broadcaster and a
nonwhite anchor, both women, get into
a feud over political correctness.
The more pervasive change is in
global politics. The season’s main plot
imagines oil discovered off Greenland.
This pits two of Nyborg’s principles
against each other: indigenous self
determination and fighting climate
change. Russia, China and America get
involved to pursue their strategic in
terests. A bossy American secretary of
state is a familiar stereotype of European
film. But the Chinese ambassador who
scolds a Nordic minister in aggressive
“Wolf Warrior” style is new.
Like today’s Europe, the season has an
overarching tone of pessimism. A decade
ago it portrayed a messy but enviable
Denmark, where responsible politics
meant bickering and backstabbing to
achieve social goals. Now those goals
seem out of view. The earlier seasons’
fantasies of Denmark and Europe’s global
relevance are harder to sustain. In the
Obama era, Nyborg was a role model for
the frustrated centreleft because, in an
impasse, she always asked, “What are my
options?” Since then her options, like
Europe’s, have narrowed.
DanishTV
Back to “Borgen”
Anew season of the beloved Danish political series has a darker tone
It doesn’t get easier