poetry. He recounts his confusion in school as he
reads accounts of history that exclude the Japanese
presence in America. It is not until he is an adult
that he learns of the internment camps into which
many Japanese Americans were forced. Hongo
furiously vents his outrage not only against those
who perpetrated the crimes but against those who
have been silent about them. He rages against his
textbooks, his teachers, and his family for not tell-
ing him about the events that shaped the lives of
generations of Japanese Americans.
Bibliography
Evans, Alice. “A Vicious Kind of Tenderness: An In-
terview with Garrett Hongo.” Poets & Writers
Magazine (September–October 1992): 37–46.
Hongo, Garrett. Volcano: A Memoir of Hawai’i. New
York: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1995.
Jarman, Mark. “The Volcano Inside.” The Southern
Review 32, no. 2 (April 1996): 337–343.
Patricia Kennedy Bostian306 Volcano: A Memoir of Hawai’i