research efficiency, compared with non-985Us and those not on the list of AWRU.
While to HSS samples, research innovations need more academic accumulation. In
current China, the research productions in HSS disciplines are still on the stage of
pursuing both quantity and quality, and the internationalization level of research
outputs is relative low. Even in those 985Us or universities on the list of AWRU,
their publications on the international academic journals are still very rare. Second,
in 985Us or those on the list of AWRU, their NEAM disciplines have more suf-
ficient research resources and well-constructed research platform, but their growth
rates of research outputs are relatively slow, compared with the investments.
Therefore, there are still more rooms for these universities to improve their research
efficiency. Besides, the excess and waste of research funds might also be a reason
for 985Us to be low efficient.
“TitPerc”has a positive impact on research efficiency in the HSS sample, while a
negative impact on research efficiency in the NEAM sample. This might be related
to the rule of faculty promotion in different disciplines. To NEAM disciplines, a
researcher will reach his/her academic peak at his/her young age. For example, the
Fields Prize are only awarded to those mathematicians under 40, and often, those
who couldn’t win Fields Prize would seldom win the Wolf Prize in the future,
which is a lifelong award in mathematics. While to HSS disciplines, a researcher
needs to be more patient to reach his/her academic peak, and thosefirst-class
philosophers or social scientists are usually very aged. Therefore, different from
faculty with higher titles in HSS disciplines, those faculty with higher titles in
NEAM disciplines tend to be less productive when they are aged.
6.3 Conclusions..........................................
This chapter reviews recent studies on university research efficiency, and constructs
indicator system of influencing factors for 211Us research efficiency based on
related theories. With efficiency indicators of NEAM and HSS disciplines in 211Us
obtained by DEA method in Chap. 4 , we apply Tobit model to systematically
examine those influencing factors. The major concluding remarks can be made as
below.
First, there are certain regional differences inside 211Us with respective to their
research efficiency, in particular, the NEAM research efficiency of JUs or HSZUs is
prominently higher than that of OUs.Most of research universities are located in
Jing-Jin-Ji and Hu-Su-Zhe areas, and these universities greatly benefit from their
geographic advantage in creating knowledge, absorbing talents, utilizing advanced
facilities. All these contribute to high research efficiency in these areas.
Second, the NEAM research efficiency in 211Us is positively associated with
regional technology innovation.According to the results of Tobit model, the tech
index has a significantly positive association with NEAM research efficiency. This
association reflects twofold:first, in the context of transforming regional economy
and fostering emerging industries, university should meet higher local demands to
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