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research efficiency, compared with non-985Us and those not on the list of AWRU.


While to HSS samples, research innovations need more academic accumulation. In


current China, the research productions in HSS disciplines are still on the stage of


pursuing both quantity and quality, and the internationalization level of research


outputs is relative low. Even in those 985Us or universities on the list of AWRU,


their publications on the international academic journals are still very rare. Second,


in 985Us or those on the list of AWRU, their NEAM disciplines have more suf-


ficient research resources and well-constructed research platform, but their growth


rates of research outputs are relatively slow, compared with the investments.


Therefore, there are still more rooms for these universities to improve their research


efficiency. Besides, the excess and waste of research funds might also be a reason


for 985Us to be low efficient.


“TitPerc”has a positive impact on research efficiency in the HSS sample, while a


negative impact on research efficiency in the NEAM sample. This might be related


to the rule of faculty promotion in different disciplines. To NEAM disciplines, a


researcher will reach his/her academic peak at his/her young age. For example, the


Fields Prize are only awarded to those mathematicians under 40, and often, those


who couldn’t win Fields Prize would seldom win the Wolf Prize in the future,


which is a lifelong award in mathematics. While to HSS disciplines, a researcher


needs to be more patient to reach his/her academic peak, and thosefirst-class
philosophers or social scientists are usually very aged. Therefore, different from


faculty with higher titles in HSS disciplines, those faculty with higher titles in


NEAM disciplines tend to be less productive when they are aged.


6.3 Conclusions..........................................


This chapter reviews recent studies on university research efficiency, and constructs


indicator system of influencing factors for 211Us research efficiency based on


related theories. With efficiency indicators of NEAM and HSS disciplines in 211Us


obtained by DEA method in Chap. 4 , we apply Tobit model to systematically


examine those influencing factors. The major concluding remarks can be made as


below.


First, there are certain regional differences inside 211Us with respective to their


research efficiency, in particular, the NEAM research efficiency of JUs or HSZUs is


prominently higher than that of OUs.Most of research universities are located in


Jing-Jin-Ji and Hu-Su-Zhe areas, and these universities greatly benefit from their


geographic advantage in creating knowledge, absorbing talents, utilizing advanced


facilities. All these contribute to high research efficiency in these areas.


Second, the NEAM research efficiency in 211Us is positively associated with


regional technology innovation.According to the results of Tobit model, the tech


index has a significantly positive association with NEAM research efficiency. This


association reflects twofold:first, in the context of transforming regional economy
and fostering emerging industries, university should meet higher local demands to


6.2 Econometric Analysis of Factors... 285

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