Education and Globalization in Southeast Asia Issues and Challenges

Indonesian Higher Education 137

TABLE 5.11

Non-Student Earnings and Student Earning Estimation

Aged 17–22

Variables Non-Student Student

ZNEMSMP –(0.163 –(0.698*

• (0.119) –(0.423)
  EDUC –(0.030 –(0.163


• (0.103) –(0.150)
  AGE (–0.159 (–1.272


• (0.833) –(3.477)
  AGE2 –(0.006 –(0.036


• (0.021) –(0.089)
  MALE –(0.587***


• (0.110)
  ISLAM (–0.046


• (0.161)
  PRIFAIL –(0.045 (–0.219


• (0.136) –(0.743)
  LANGINDO –(0.317***


• (0.111)
  FATHSHHE –(0.243


• (0.161)
  MOTHSHHE –(0.119


• (0.227)
  URBAN –(0.003 –(0.559


• (0.131) –(0.511)
  LAMBDA –(0.775 –(0.244


• (0.341) –(0.956)
  CONSTANT –(8.437 (16.130


• (8.252) (33.808)
  N ( 1142 ( 74
  Wald Chi2 (44.038*** (19.830
  Notes: Standard errors are in parenthesis and heteroscedasticity consistent.

• Significance at 10 per cent level, ** Significance at 5 per cent level, and
  *** Significance at 1 per cent level. Dummies representing the province where
  individual was lived were also included in the model.

insignificant statistically but positive. The positive gap informs that the
better quality of public school still has a role in increasing the higher
education attendances.
Contrary to the two decomposition result, the gap between public
and private Christian school is negative as the difference is –1.136. This