Index 481Buddhism in, 4, 207–209,
216, 217(illus.), 219, 271
caste system in, 6, 172–179,
198–200
Hinduism in, 197–202
history of, 148, 149–150
independence movement,
441
Indo-Aryan language
branch in, 45–46
Indo-Islamic Period,
168–171
influence on Southeast
Asia, 382–389
Islam in, 220, 221, 222–227
Mauryan-Guptan Empires,
164–167
Medieval Period, 167–168
opium trade, 453–454
Partition of, 144
patriarchy in, 181–182
rivers of, 21–22
sacred texts in, 6, 59–60
sati and, 186, 188
sepoy rebellion and, 451,
452(illus.)
Sikhism in, 227–231
and Southeast Asia, 372,
377, 379, 382–389, 458
temples in, 202–207
trade with, 441, 442, 444
tribal groups in, 108, 111,
113
Vedic Age, 157, 159–164
women and society in,
181–188
India Act (1784), 450
Indian Mutiny, 172, 452(illus.)
Indian National Congress, 172
Indian Ocean, 17, 442, 443
Indian plate, 15, 17
Indians, 145
in Southeast Asia, 371, 460
Indica rice, 29
Indic (Indo-Aryan) language
branch, 45–46
Indic states, 383
Angkor as, 386–388
Bali as, 385–386
Funan as, 384–385
Indigenous peoples, 107, 111
Indochina, 115–116, 378, 465
Indo-European languages, 5,
47, 149, 159
similarities among, 43–46
Indo-Europeans, and Vedas,
157–159
Indo-Islamic Period, 157, 168
Akbar and, 169–171
Indonesia, 8, 23, 27, 50, 109,
114, 171, 377, 380, 383,
390
Dutch colonization of,
371, 415, 458
Islam, 392, 394
Indo-Roman trade station, at
Arikamedu, 382
Indra (Indara), 159, 174, 197,
394, 404
Indus River, 21, 216
Indus Valley Civilization
(IVC), 145, 151,
158(illus.), 159
script in, 67, 154–156
social organization,
156–157
urban structure of, 153–154
Industrialization, in Japan,
366
Insular Southeast Asia, 37
Intellectuals, in China, 61,
274–275
International Labour Organi-
zation (ILO), 111
Iranian Plateau, 220, 221
Iran, 3, 78, 79
Iranians, 220
Ireyon, 348
Irian Jaya, 77, 114, 377
Iron Age, on Korean Penin-
sula, 347
Irrawadi River, 19, 54
Irrigation, 32
Ise, Grand Shrine at, 303, 309,
310(illus.), 317
Is-ness, 339
Ishwar, 177
Islam, 78, 102, 145, 197
in India, 169, 221–227
Mongol adoption of, 98Muharram, 224(illus.),
224–225
Shia, 223–224
in Southeast Asia, 377,
389, 391–394, 458
Sufism, 221–223
Sunni, 225–226
Islamic Republic of Pakistan,
172
Islam Observed (Geertz), 392
Islands
Southeast Asian, 23–27,
371, 458
volcanoes and, 23–25
Isonokami shrine, 303
Izanagi-lzanami myth,
307–308, 312Jade, Shang dynasty, 249
Jahan, Shah, 171, 203, 223, 228
Jahangir, Emperor 171, 223,
448
Jahor, 415
Jains, 193
Jajmani system, 177–78
Jakarta (Jacarta), 391, 447
Jama Masjid, 203(illus.)
Jambu, 13
Janaka (King), 160
Jang clan (Hmong), 121
Japan, 6, 28, 58, 60, 61, 203,
235, 236, 237, 251, 271,
272, 300, 348, 371, 444
Buddhism in, 209, 215,
216, 314–18
China and, 5, 104, 286,
313–314, 390
early prehistory and his-
tory of, 301–304
feudal land acquisition on,
325–326
Heinan court in, 320–325
history and mythology of,
298, 299
imperial family, 308–309
and Korea, 237, 345–346,
360, 363, 364–366
Meiji Era in, 466–468
rites of succession in, 309,
311–313