The Conflationof LaissezFairewithRegulation-ImposedEugenics 37a strongworkethicamongthe lowerclasses.^99 The Gospelstrucka chordwithanother
industrialistnormallyderidedas a socialDarwinist—JohnD. Rockefeller,Sr. Consequent-
ly, Carnegie’s homiliespromptedthe entireRockefellerclantowardthe verysamecollec-
tivistmentalitythatled it to supportgovernmentregulationsquitereadily.^100 Whenthe
CarnegieLibraryopenedin Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,in 1896,JohnD. Rockefeller,Sr.,
wroteto the bookdepository’s benefactor,“I wouldthatmoremenof wealthweredoing
whatyouweredoingwithyourmoney;but,be assured,yourexamplewillbearfruits,
and the timewill comewhenmenof wealthwill moregenerallybe willingto use it for the
goodof others.”^101 It mayappeardamningfor capitalismthat Carnegiewasgoodfriends
withone of history’s mostavidgovernisteugenicspromoters,MadisonGrant.Yet Madi-
son GrantwasalsogoodfriendswithSierraClubfounderJohnMuir(1838–1914)and
withprotectionistlaborleaderSamuelGompers(1850–1924).^102 I doubtthat mostgovern-
ist academicianswouldconsiderthis associationto be damningfor Muirand Gompers.
In completecontrastto EdwinBlack’s portrait:Carnegie,the Rockefellers,andthe
Harrimansbecamepatronsof government-regulatoryeugenicsnot becausetheywere
privyto someself-interested,plutocratic,capitalistconspiracy.Nay,it wasbecausethey
werethe earlytwentieth-century’s equivalentof the present’s politicallycorrectwelfare-
statelimousine(il)liberals.
HenryFordwasa virulentanti-Semite,but his anti-Semitismdoesnot reflecton capi-
talism.In fact,a ratherstrangeoddityis thatthoughFordpridedhimselfon beinga
businessman,he shunnedthe wordcapitalist, which,like KarlMarx,he consideredsynon-
ymouswithfinancier.^103 The racistbookthatFordpaidanotherauthorto ghostwritefor
him,The InternationalJew, frequentlyemployedthe wordcapitalistin a negativelight.The
bookmainlycriticizesJewson accountof the stereotypethatJewstendto be money-
men.^104 The InternationalJewrepeatedthe samescurrilousaccusationsagainstJ. Pierpont
Morgan,Sr., andJay Gouldthatanti-capitalistshadalreadybeenlevelingfor decades.
Thenthe bookfalselyidentifiedbothof thesemenas Jews,implyingthatbeingJewish
waslinkedto theircapitalistrapacity.^105 Whatwasironicin this is thatMorganhimself,
regrettably,harboredanti-Semiticprejudices.It cannotbe deniedthatFord’s anti-Semi-
tismis inexcusable.Withthatacknowledged,it is noteworthythatFord’s personalpreju-
diceswerenot reflectedin his hiringpractices.Fromthe 1920sonward,therewerenever
fewerthan3,000Jewsemployedat his motorcompany.^106 Whereasdiscriminationwas
rampantalmosteverywhereelse,Fordactuallymadea pointof hiringblacks.One-tenth
of Ford’s 100,000-memberworkforcewasAfrican-American.^107 And,as authorRobert
Laceynotes,Ford“neverpaida manmore,or less,on accountof his skin.” Indeed,his
“blackemploymentpolicywasgenuinelyaheadof its time.Henrybelievedin an equal
day’s pay for an equalday’s work.. .”^108 WhenForddied,theJournalof NegroHistorysaid
that Ford“gaveNegroesalongwithothersthe chanceto helpthemselves,and in doingso
he met the highesttest of beinga friend.. .”^109
The closesttherecameto beinga real-lifesocial-Darwinisteugenicistindustrialistwas
WickliffeDraper(1891–1972).A textileheir,he foundedthe PioneerFund,whichfromthe
day of its foundingto thatof this writing,has financedresearchpurportingto provethe
followingtenets.(1) Someone’s IQ numberis the majorpredictorof whetherhe willbe
economicallyproductiveand law-abiding.Economicproductivityis directlyproportional
to one’s IQ. By contrast,one’s IQ numberis inverselyproportionalto one’s likelihoodof
committingviolentcrime.(2) Theextentto whichone’s IQ numberis attributableto
geneticsis between40 percentand 80 percent.Furthermore,raceand ethnicityare inter-
twinedwithgenetics.(3) Therefore,someone’s racialandethnicbackgrounddetermines
one’s IQ, whichthereforedeterminesone’s economicproductivityor criminality.^110 Gen-
erally,the workof the PioneerFundcastsunfavorablegeneralizationsaboutblacksand
Latinos,andmuchof the datacitedin the 1994bookThe Bell Curvecamefromresearch